Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure relates to bio-based synthetic leathers comprising an organic layer comprising agricultural waste such as, for example, ground nutshells, nut hulls, or both, wherein the organic layer further comprises nanocellulose hydrogels and embedded natural fibers. In another aspect, the bio-based synthetic leathers further include a resin topcoat and a natural fabric backing. In yet another aspect, the bio-based synthetic leathers contain no animal products and are antimicrobial, biocompatible, and compostable. The bio-based synthetic leathers have excellent mechanical properties and can be produced without the use of environmentally harmful chemicals. Also disclosed are methods of making the bio-based synthetic leathers and articles comprising the bio-based synthetic leathers.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for dyeing a material using a dyed nanocellulose dispersion, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for water in dyeing materials, such as fabrics and textiles. A dyed nanocellulose dispersion or gel may be prepared from wood pulp fibers using a homogenizer and a dye, wherein the dyed nanocellulose dispersion comprises nanosized cellulose fibrils. The dyed nanocellulose gel may comprise an approximate concentration of 0.5% to 6%. The dyed nanocellulose dispersion may be applied to a material, such as a fabric or textile material. The fabric or textile material can be dried resulting in a dyed material.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for dyeing a material using a dyed nanocellulose dispersion, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for water in dyeing materials, such as fabrics and textiles. A dyed nanocellulose dispersion or gel may be prepared from wood pulp fibers using a homogenizer and a dye, wherein the dyed nanocellulose dispersion comprises nanosized cellulose fibrils. The dyed nanocellulose gel may comprise an approximate concentration of 0.5% to 6%. The dyed nanocellulose dispersion may be applied to a material, such as a fabric or textile material. The fabric or textile material can be dried resulting in a dyed material.