Abstract: A process for controlling foam in a water-based electrophoretic coating bath for coating an electrically conductive substrate wherein the bath contains at least one cathodically depositable synthetic resin by adding to the bath a polyalkylene oxide compound whose oxyalkyl groups contain 2 to 4 carbon atoms and the terminal OH groups are esterified with a carboxylic acid or etherified with an allyl or methyl aryl group and has a solubility of more than 50 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of water at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: An aqueous fatty alcohol dispersion containing:(a) 5% to 40% by weight of a Cl.sub.10 -C.sub.28 fatty alcohol;(b) 0.5% to 5% by weight of anionic interfacially active compounds;(c) 0.5% to 5% by weight of nonionic interfacially active compounds comprising the reaction products of ethylene oxide with alkane-1,2-diols containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and(d) the balance, water. The dispersion is useful as an antifoam agent.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition for the production of single-component polyurethane foams on dry or wet substrates, wherein the composition is the reaction product of a polyol with a molar excess of difunctional or polyfunctional isocyanates and wherein 10% to 80% by weight of the polyol has been replaced by a nonionic surfactant containing at least one hydroxyl group.

Abstract: The use of esters--liquid at room temperature--of C.sub.6-22 fatty acids with monohydric alcohols and/or of C.sub.6-22 fatty alcohols with monocarboxylic acids as solvents for isocyanates and/or isocyanurates is provided. Because the ester reduces the viscosity of the isocyanates and/or isocyanurates, the mixture will be easy to pump and mix with other components prior to curing. Also provided is a process for reducing the viscosity of isocyanates and isocyanurates comprising adding to said isocyanate or isocyanurate one or more esters selected from the group consisting of C.sub.6-22 fatty acids with monohydric alcohols and C.sub.6-22 fatty alcohols with monocarboxylic acids, said esters being a liquid at room temperature.

Abstract: Aqueous polyurethane dispersions prepared in several stages by reactingA) aliphatic and/or aromatic di- and/or tri-isocyanates withB1) polyol mixtures containing dimer diols of 25 to 100% by weight of dimer diols and 0 to 75% by weight of other hydrophobic diols and/or polyols, the equivalent ratio of OH to NCO being 1:1.1 to 1:4, and simultaneously or subsequently withB2) chain-extending agents containing two terminal NCO-reactive groups, the chain-extending agents additionally containing either artionic or cationic groups or groups convertible into anionic or cationic groups by neutralization, the equivalent ratio of NCO-reactive groups to NCO groups theoretically still present after the reaction of A) with B1) being 1:0.

Abstract: Provided are thickeners based on an aqueous preparation of nonionic, water-dispersible or water-soluble polyurethanes, to their production and to their use. The nonionic, water-dispersible or water-soluble polyurethanes are obtainable by reaction of polyfunctional isocyanates with polyether polyols, monohydric alcohols and, if desired, polyhydric alcohols, wherein the monohydric alcohols contain at least one other polar group. Also provided is a process for the production of such thickeners. The thickeners are particularly suitable for thickening emulsion paints.

Abstract: A polyurethane friable sealing compound free of solvent and plasticizer having a shore A hardness of below 40 and consisting essentially of a polyol component and an isocyanate component. The polyol component is selected from modified triglycerides obtained by partial ring opening of epoxidized triglycerides of a fatty acid mixture containing olefinically unsaturated fatty acids and monohydric or polyhydric alcohols. The isocyanate component is selected from polyfunctional aromatic and aliphatic isocyanates, wherein the OH:NCO equivalent ratio is from 1:0.1 to 1:1.15.

Abstract: The invention addressed the problem of improving the adhesive strength of a dimensionally stable, soft-rubbing adhesive stick consisting of an aqueous preparation of a synthetic polymer and a soap gel as gel-forming component and, optionally, other auxiliaries. This problem was solved by the use of an at least substantially solvent-free aqueous polyurethane dispersion as the aqueous preparation of a synthetic polymer.

Abstract: A pourable aqueous liquid surfactant concentrate containing from about 50 to about 90% by weight of a surfactant mixture comprising:A) from about 10 to about 90% by weight of at least one compound of the formulaR.sup.1 --O--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 O).sub.n --H (I)in which R.sup.1 is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical of a primary C.sub.8-22 alcohol attached by carbon and n is a number of from 10 to 60; and B) from about 90 to about 10% by weight of at least one compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.2 is a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.6-14 radical attached by carbon, and p and q are each a number of from 0 to 25, the sum of p and q being a number from of 5 to 25.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the above surfactant concentrate and to the use of the concentrate in emulsion polymerization reactions.

Abstract: The invention is a coating composition containing an aqueous polyurethane dispersion wherein the polyurethane is prepared from a mixture of polycaprolactone diols and an isocyanate mixture having an NCO functionality of more than 1.5 wherein the ratio NCO:OH is from 0.9:1 to 2.5:1. The polyurethane also can contains functional components capable of salt formation in the aqueous solution. The coating composition is particularly useful for coating flexible substrates such as leather and flexible polymeric materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the flotation of fillers from deinked waste paper in the presence of surfactants containing sulfonate groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of reaction mixtures containing polyester polyols which have been obtained by ring opening of epoxidized esters with carboxylic acids, as polyol component, optionally in admixture with polybutadiene diol, in the production of solid polyurethane materials by casting.

Abstract: The use of fatty oil ex Helianthus annuus containing 78 to 92% by weight oleic acid and 2 to 10% by weight linoleic acid for the production of alkali metal, ammonium and/or alkanolammonium salts of optionally dihydroxy-substituted fatty acids as emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization. Excellent polymerization results are obtained despite the high linoleic acid content.

Abstract: A friable sealing compound of a polyol component containing polyfunctional isocyanates, the polyol component being a mixture of ricinene oil and a predominantly hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene having an average molecular weight of 1,500 to 4,500 and/or a ring opening product of an epoxidized vegetable oil with unsaturated or saturated short-chain linear or branched C.sub.6-22 fatty acids.

Abstract: In the emulsion polymerization of monomers wherein at least one monomer is substantially water insoluble, the presence in the emulsion polymerization mixture of one or more emulsifiers having the formula:[R.sup.1 O--(CH.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.x --][R.sup.2 O--(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.y --][R.sup.3 O--(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.z --]P.dbd.O(I)in whichR.sup.1 is a group corresponding to formula IIa or IIbCH.sub.3 --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --CH(OH)--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --CH(SO.sub.3 M)--(CH.sub.2).sub.c --CH.sub.2 -- (IIa)orCH.sub.3 --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --CH(SO.sub.3 M)--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --CH(OH)--(CH.sub.2).sub.c --CH.sub.2 -- (IIb)or a residue formed by elimination of one water molecule from the group corresponding to formula IIa or IIb, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen or a residue having the meaning defined for the group R.sup.

Abstract: The invention is a processing aid for thermoplastic polyesters which is a salt of a polycarboxylic acid or the salt of a polycarboxylic partial ester. The polycarboxylic acids are partial esters or sales of modified acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid, citric acid, dicarboxylphenyl group and the like. The addition of the processing aid improves the slip and transparency.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a substantially clear and at least largely solventless, aqueous, one-component polyurethane dispersion based on the reaction products ofa polyol mixture consisting completely or partly of polypropylene glycol,a mixture of polyfunctional isocyanates consisting completely or partly of .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.'-tetramethyl xylene diisocyanate (TMXDI),a functional component capable of salt formation in aqueous solution andoptionally a chain-extending agentas a universal household adhesive and to a process for its production in the absence of inert solvents.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of ester polyols by conducting the ring opening of epoxidized esters and/or alcohols with carboxylic acids by the controlled addition of the epoxidized compounds to the carboxylic acids wherein the carboxylic acids are present in at least stoichiometric quantities based on epoxide groups, to minimize unreacted epoxide groups and produce ester polyols having relatively low viscosities compared to those produced by the one-pot prior art process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the flotation of fillers from deinked wastepaper in the presence of organic phosphoric acid esters. The flotation of the fillers occurs after deinking the wastepaper by flotation.

Abstract: Nonionic surfactants which are liquid at ambient temperature and have an HLB value of from 2 to less than 13 are used for preventing the fogging of plastic surfaces and afford effective washproof protection against fogging.