Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising(i) blending (a) a colorant dispersion containing a first ionic surfactant and an optional charge control agent with (b) a latex blend comprised of linear polymer and crosslinked polymer particles, optional nonionic surfactant and a second ionic surfactant with a charge polarity opposite to that of said first ionic surfactant in said colorant dispersion;(ii) heating the resulting mixture at about below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the linear latex polymer to form toner sized aggregates; and(iii) subsequently heating said aggregate suspension about above the Tg of the linear latex polymer to effect fusion or coalescence of said aggregates, and wherein said linear polymer is of an M.sub.w of from about 20,000 to about 40,000.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymer compositions which comprises mixing a conductive component with an anionic polymeric latex containing a polymer; adding a cationic surfactant, or flocculant whereby the aggregation of the latex particles and the conductive component particles results; subsequently adding colloidal stabilizer, followed by the addition of a base to obtain a pH of from about 7 to about 12; heating above about the polymer glass transition temperature thereby enabling the severage, or breakage of the formed aggregated particles; further heating above about the polymer glass transition temperature enabling the coalescence of the polymer and conductive component particles; and optionally washing and drying the resulting coalesced product.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner which comprises(i) preparing a pigment dispersion comprised of a pigment dispersed in an ionic surfactant;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of resin particles and a counterionic surfactant;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of said resin particles to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;(iv) adding a stabilizer of in situ tricalcium phosphate solid particulants generated from a solution of calcium chloride and trisodium phosphate;(v) heating the mixture of (iii) and (iv) above about the Tg of the resin particles to obtain toner size particles comprised of resin and pigment;(vi) washing with an acid to dissolve the trisodium phosphate; and(vii) optionally washing with water, and optionally drying the toner obtained.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising(i) solubilizing an imide based resin in water at pH of from about 10 to about 13 and which solubilizing is accomplished in the presence of nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants; followed by precipitating the resulting dissolved imide resin into colloidal particles with a size diameter of from about 20 nanometers to about 500 nanometers, and which precipitating is accomplished with a high shearing device operating at a speed of from about 500 to about 2,000 revolutions per minute; acidifying the resulting mixture to a pH of from about 2 to about 4;(ii) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an oppositely charged ionic surfactant and optionally charge control agent;(iii) shearing (i) and (ii), thereby causing a flocculation of the resin, pigment, surfactants, and optional charge control agent;(iv) heating the resulting flocculent mixture of (iii) with stirring at a temperature of from about 25.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a combination of color toners comprised of a cyan toner, a magenta toner, a yellow toner, and a black toner, each of said toners being comprised of resin and pigment, and wherein the pigment is cyan, magenta, yellow and black, each of the said pigments are dispersed in a nonionic, or neutral charge surfactant, and wherein each toner in the combination is prepared by(i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment and nonionic water soluble surfactant;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; and(iv) heating said bound toner size aggregates above about the Tg of the resin.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of inks comprised ofi) flushing pigment into a sulfonated polyester resin, and which resin possesses a degree of sulfonation of from between about 2.5 and about 20 mol percent;ii) dispersing the pigmented polyester resin in water at a temperature of from about 40.degree. C. about 95.degree. C. by a polytron shearing device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions to yield stable pigmented submicron sized particles of from about 5 to about 150 nanometers; and thereafter separating said submicron particles and mixing said submicron particles with water.

Abstract: A toner comprised of pigment, and an addition polymer resin generated from about 55 to about 80 weight percent of styrene, from about 1 to about 25 weight percent of acrylate, from about 1 to about 20 weight percent of acrylonitrile, and from about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of acrylic acid.

Abstract: A process comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a cationic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex comprised of water, resin, a counterionic or anionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant, and wherein said latex is prepared by the addition of monomers containing a chain transfer agent and a organic soluble initiator to a water phase containing a anionic surfactant, and said nonionic surfactant, followed by the addition of a water soluble initiator, and subsequently heating;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; and(iv) heating said bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin.

Abstract: An ink for ink jet printing includes an emulsifiable polymer resin and a pigment, and may be made by: (a) combining (1) an emulsion of an emulsifiable polymer resin in an anionic medium with (2) a pigment and a cationic surfactant; and (b) aggregating particles in the mixture of step (a) to a desired particle size, thereby producing a solution of aggregated particles. The particles can optionally be coalesced to alter the particle size of the particles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions, or toner particles comprising generating a latex comprised of a sulfonated polyester and olefinic resin in water; generating a pigment mixture comprised of said pigment dispersed in water; shearing said latex and said pigment mixture; adding an alkali (II) halide; stirring and heating to enable coalescence; followed by filtration and drying.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprised ofi) flushing pigment into a sulfonated polyester resin, and which resin has a degree of sulfonation of from between about 0.5 and about 2.5 mol percent based on the repeat unit of the polymer;ii) dispersing the resulting pigmented sulfonated polyester resin in warm water, which water is at a temperature of from about 40.degree. to about 95.degree. C., and which dispersing is accomplished by a high speed shearing polytron device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions per minute thereby enabling the formation of toner sized particles, and which particles are of a volume average diameter of from about 3 to about 10 microns with a narrow GSD;iii) recovering said toner by filtration;iv) drying said toner by vacuum; andv) optionally adding to said dry toner charge additives and flow aids.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, and an ionic surfactant;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, and wherein said resin contains an acid functionality;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;(iv) adding anionic surfactant to stabilize the aggregates obtained in (iii);(v) coalescing said aggregates by heating said bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin;(vi) reacting said resin of (v) with acid functionality with a base to form an acrylic acid salt, and which salt is ion exchanged in water with a base or a salt, optionally in the presence of metal oxide particles, to control the toner triboelectrical charge, which toner i

Abstract: An in situ chemical process for the preparation of toner comprised of(i) the provision of a latex, which latex is comprised of polymeric resin particles, an ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;(ii) providing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment solution, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(iii) mixing said pigment dispersion with said latex with a stirrer equipped with an impeller, stirring at speeds of from about 100 to about 900 rpm for a period of from about 10 minutes to about 150 minutes;(iv) heating the above resulting blend of latex and pigment mixture to a temperature below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates;(v) adding further aqueous ionic surfactant or stabilizer in the range amount of from about 0.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution;(iv) heating said bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin; and(v) thereafter washing the toner obtained, adding initiator, adding monomer, polymerizing by heating, and thereafter cooling, followed by an optional second washing.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions, or particles comprised ofi) flushing a pigment into a sulfonated polyester resin, and which resin has a degree of sulfonation of from between about 2.5 and 20 mol percent;ii) dispersing the resulting sulfonated pigmented polyester resin into water, which water is at a temperature of from about 40 to about 95.degree. C., by a high speed shearing polytron device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions per minute thereby enabling the formation of stable toner sized submicron particles, and which particles are of a volume average diameter of from about 5 to about 200 nanometers;iii) allowing the resulting dispersion to cool to from about 5 to about 10.degree. C. below the glass transition temperature of said pigmented sulfonated polyester resin;iv) adding an alkali metal halide solution, which solution contains from about 0.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising(i) preparing, or providing a cationic emulsion resin latex comprised of a resin derived from at least one olefinic nonpolar monomer, a cationic olefinic monomer, a cationic free radical initiator, and optionally a chain transfer agent in an aqueous mixture comprised of a nonionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant, and which mixture is heated at a temperature of from about 60.degree. C. to about 95.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions comprising:(i) preparing a latex or emulsion resin comprised of a polyester core encapsulated within a styrene based resin shell by heating said polyester emulsion containing an anionic surfactant with a mixture of monomers of styrene and acrylic acid, and with potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, sodium bisulfite, or mixtures thereof;(ii) adding a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, a cationic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent, followed by the sharing of the resulting blend;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution; and(iv) heating said electrostatically bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions comprising:(i) preparing an emulsion latex comprised of sodio sulfonated polyester resin particles of from about 5 to about 500 nanometers in size diameter by heating said resin in water at a temperature of from about 65.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C.(ii) preparing a pigment dispersion in a water by dispersing in water from about 10 to about 25 weight percent of sodio sulfonated polyester and from about 1 to about 5 weight percent of pigment;(iii) adding the pigment dispersion to a latex mixture comprised of sulfonated polyester resin particles in water with shearing, followed by the addition of an alkali halide in water until aggregation results as indicated by an increase in the latex viscosity of from about 2 centipoise to about 100 centipoise;(iv) heating the resulting mixture at a temperature of from about 45.degree. C. to about 80.degree. C.

Abstract: A toner comprised of color pigment and an addition polymer resin, and wherein said resin is generated by emulsion polymerization of from 70 to 85 weight percent of styrene, from about 5 to about 20 weight percent of isoprene, from about 1 to about 15 weight percent of acrylate, or from about 1 to about 15 weight percent of methacrylate, and from about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of acrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carrier particles which comprises mixing a dispersion of water, submicron magnetic particles, and ionic surfactant with a latex comprised of resin particles suspended in an aqueous solution containing a surfactant that is counterionic in charge to said ionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant; thereafter heating the resulting mixture below about the latex resin glass transition temperature (Tg) while stirring to form aggregates, followed by increasing the temperature of said mixture to about above the latex resin Tg, and subsequently adding additional counterionic or nonionic surfactant solution to minimize, or avoid any further growth in particle size during heating of the mixture about above the latex resin Tg, and wherein said resin Tg is in the range of from between about 45.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C.