Abstract: A system for operating and/or lubricating a plurality of valves. The system includes at least first and second control units, each of which is associated with a respective valve. Each control unit includes a hydraulic pressure inlet, a hydraulic pressure outlet, a hydraulic pressure line connected between the hydraulic pressure inlet and the hydraulic pressure outlet, and a hydraulic port which is connectable to the valve. The hydraulic pressure inlet of the first control unit is connectable to a hydraulic pressure source and the hydraulic pressure outlet of the first control unit is connectable to the hydraulic pressure inlet of the second control unit. In operation, the control unit is operable to selectively communicate hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure line to the hydraulic port.

Abstract: A system for operating and/or lubricating a plurality of valves. The system includes at least first and second control units, each of which is associated with a respective valve. Each control unit includes a hydraulic pressure inlet, a hydraulic pressure outlet, a hydraulic pressure line connected between the hydraulic pressure inlet and the hydraulic pressure outlet, and a hydraulic port which is connectable to the valve. The hydraulic pressure inlet of the first control unit is connectable to a hydraulic pressure source and the hydraulic pressure outlet of the first control unit is connectable to the hydraulic pressure inlet of the second control unit. In operation, the control unit is operable to selectively communicate hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure line to the hydraulic port.

Abstract: A system for operating and/or lubricating a plurality of valves mounted on a number of christmas trees, each valve including a hydraulic actuator operated by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant inlet connected to an interior portion of the valve. The system includes a plurality of control units, each of which is associated with a respective valve and each of which has at least one of a hydraulic pressure line which is connectable to the hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant line which is connectable to the lubricant source. Each control unit is operable to selectively connect the hydraulic pressure source to the hydraulic actuator to thereby operate the valve and/or to selectively connect the lubricant source to the lubricant inlet to thereby communicate lubricant into the interior portion of the valve.

Abstract: A system for operating and/or lubricating a plurality of valves mounted on a number of christmas trees, each valve including a hydraulic actuator operated by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant inlet connected to an interior portion of the valve. The system includes a plurality of control units, each of which is associated with a respective valve and each of which has at least one of a hydraulic pressure line which is connectable to the hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant line which is connectable to the lubricant source. Each control unit is operable to selectively connect the hydraulic pressure source to the hydraulic actuator to thereby operate the valve and/or to selectively connect the lubricant source to the lubricant inlet to thereby communicate lubricant into the interior portion of the valve.

Abstract: A system for operating and/or lubricating a plurality of valves which are mounted on a number of christmas trees and which each include a hydraulic actuator which is operated by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant inlet which is connected to an interior portion of the valve that is configured to receive a lubricant from a lubricant source. The system includes a plurality of control units, each of which is associated with a respective valve and each of which has at least one of a hydraulic pressure line which is connectable to the hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant line which is connectable to the lubricant source. Each control unit is operable to selectively connect the hydraulic pressure source to the hydraulic actuator to thereby operate the valve and/or to selectively connect the lubricant source to the lubricant inlet to thereby communicate lubricant into the interior portion of the valve.

Abstract: A system for operating and/or lubricating a plurality of valves which are mounted on a number of Christmas trees and which each include a hydraulic actuator which is operated by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant inlet which is connected to an interior portion of the valve that is configured to receive a lubricant from a lubricant source. The system includes a plurality of control units, each of which is associated with a respective valve and each of which has at least one of a hydraulic pressure line which is connectable to the hydraulic pressure source and a lubricant line which is connectable to the lubricant source. Each control unit further includes at least one of a hydraulic port and a lubricant port, and the system further includes at least one of a hydraulic conduit which is connected between the hydraulic port and the hydraulic actuator and a lubricant conduit which is connected between the lubricant port and the lubricant inlet.

Abstract: Ferromagnetic nanoparticles which are converted from paramagnetic, antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic or weak ferromagnetic nanoparticles by incorporation of a dopant, the dopant having a concentration less than 0.5%. Major changes occur in the magnetic properties of the host material. A weak paramagnetic material such as Mn3O4 is been converted to a ferromagnetic material that has a Curie point beyond 700° C. and shows almost temperature independent coercivity and magnetic moment. These ferromagnetic nanoparticles can be used as contrast agent, as a vehicle for targeted drug delivery, high temperature magnets, high density magnets, magnetic circuits and many more devices utilizing local interaction of the magnetic field.

Abstract: A method of detecting blockage of a pitot tube includes measuring a pitot tube temperature via one or more temperature sensors located inside a pitot tube, measuring an outside ambient air temperature, comparing the measured pitot tube temperature to a minimum pitot tube temperature threshold for the measured outside ambient air temperature, and determining the pitot tube has a blockage condition when the measured pitot tube temperature is below the minimum pitot tube temperature threshold.

Abstract: A method of detecting blockage of a pitot tube includes measuring a pitot tube temperature via one or more temperature sensors located inside a pitot tube, measuring an outside ambient air temperature, comparing the measured pitot tube temperature to a minimum pitot tube temperature threshold for the measured outside ambient air temperature, and determining the pitot tube has a blockage condition when the measured pitot tube temperature is below the minimum pitot tube temperature threshold.