Abstract: A neural network architecture and a method for determining a stress of a structure. The neural network architecture includes a first neural network and a second neural network. A neuron of last hidden layer of the first neural network is connected to a neuron of a last hidden layer of the second neural network. A first data set is input into the first neural network. A second data set is input into the second neural network. Data from the last hidden layer of the first neural network is combined with data from the last hidden layer of the second neural network. The stress of the structure is determined from the combined data.

Abstract: An improved thrust bearing for a turbocharger includes a first bearing surface, a second bearing surface, an internal passageway, a primary pad, and a plurality of secondary pads. The internal passageway fluidly connects the first and second bearing surfaces. The primary pad may be defined on the first bearing surface. The primary pad further defines a first aperture in fluid communication with the internal passageway and an oil feed defined in a turbocharger housing. The plurality of secondary pads may also be defined on the first bearing surface. Each secondary pad in the plurality of secondary pads may include a secondary surface area which is smaller than the primary surface area of the primary pad.