Abstract: Disclosed herein are short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules comprising modified nucleotides and uses thereof. The siNA molecules may be double stranded and comprise modified nucleotides selected from 2?-O-methyl nucleotides and 2?-fluoro nucleotides. Further disclosed herein are siNA molecules comprising (a) a phosphorylation blocker, conjugated moiety, or 5?-stabilized end cap; and (b) a short interfering nucleic acid (siNA).

Abstract: Modified oligonucleotides comprising modifications at the 2? and/or 3? position(s) along with methods of making and use, e.g., against HBV are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules comprising modified nucleotides and uses thereof. The siNA molecules may be double stranded and comprise modified nucleotides selected from 2?-O-methyl nucleotides and 2?-fluoro nucleotides. Further disclosed herein are siNA molecules comprising (a) a phosphorylation blocker, conjugated moiety, or 5?-stabilized end cap; and (b) a short interfering nucleic acid (siNA).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules comprising modified nucleotides and uses thereof. The siNA molecules may be double stranded and comprise modified nucleotides selected from 2?-O-methyl nucleotides and 2?-fluoro nucleotides. Further disclosed herein are siNA molecules comprising (a) a phosphorylation blocker, conjugated moiety, or 5?-stabilized end cap; and (b) a short interfering nucleic acid (siNA).

Abstract: Described are short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules comprising modified nucleotides, compositions, and methods and uses thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules comprising modified nucleotides and uses thereof. The siNA molecules may be double stranded and comprise modified nucleotides selected from 2?-O-methyl nucleotides and 2?-fluoro nucleotides. Further disclosed herein are siNA molecules comprising (a) a phosphorylation blocker, conjugated moiety, or 5?-stabilized end cap; and (b) a short interfering nucleic acid (siNA).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules comprising modified nucleotides and uses thereof. The siNA molecules may be double stranded and comprise modified nucleotides selected from 2?-O-methyl nucleotides and 2?-fluoro nucleotides. Further disclosed herein are siNA molecules comprising (a) a phosphorylation blocker, conjugated moiety, or 5?-stabilized end cap; and (b) a short interfering nucleic acid (siNA).

Abstract: The disclosure includes antisense oligonucleotides, including gapmer antisense oligonucleotides, along with methods of making and use, e.g., against HBV.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules comprising modified nucleotides and uses thereof. The siNA molecules may be double stranded and comprise modified nucleotides selected from 2?-O-methyl nucleotides and 2?-fluoro nucleotides. Further disclosed herein are siNA molecules comprising (a) a phosphorylation blocker, conjugated moiety, or 5?-stabilized end cap; and (b) a short interfering nucleic acid (siNA).

Abstract: The disclosure includes antisense oligonucleotides, including gapmer antisense oligonucleotides, along with methods of making and use, e.g., against HBV.

Abstract: Modified oligonucleotides comprising modifications at the 2? and/or 3? positions(s) along with methods of making and use, e.g., against HBV are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention features compounds of formula I or II: In one embodiment, the invention relates compounds and processes for conjugating ligand to oligonucleotide. The invention further relates to methods for treating various disorders and diseases such as viral infections, bacterial infections, parasitic infections, cancers, allergies, autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiencies and immunosuppression.

Abstract: The invention features compounds of formula I or II: In one embodiment, the invention relates compounds and processes for conjugating ligand to oligonucleotide. The invention further relates to methods for treating various disorders and diseases such as viral infections, bacterial infections, parasitic infections, cancers, allergies, autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiencies and immunosuppression.

Abstract: The invention provides immunostimulatory oligonucleotides having at least one CpG dinucleotide and a secondary structure at the 5?- or 3?-end. These oligonucleotides have either reduced or improved immunostimulatory properties. The invention establishes that 5?-terminal secondary structures affect immunostimulatory activity significantly more than those at the 3?-end. The invention also provides methods for increasing or decreasing the immunostimulatory activity of a CpG-containing nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and reagents for oligonucleotide synthesis and purification. One aspect of the present invention relates to compounds useful for activating phosphoramidites in oligonucleotide synthesis. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing oligonucleotides via the phosphoramidite method using an activator of the invention. Another aspect of the present invention relates to sulfur-transfer agents. In a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-transfer agent is a 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-5-one. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a phosphorothioate by treating a phosphite with a sulfur-transfer reagent of the invention. In a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-transfer agent is a 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-5-one. Another aspect of the present invention relates to compounds that scavenge acrylonitrile produced during the deprotection of phosphate groups bearing ethylnitrile protecting groups.

Abstract: The invention features compounds of formula I or II: In one embodiment, the invention relates compounds and processes for conjugating ligand to oligonucleotide. The invention further relates to methods for treating various disorders and diseases such as viral infections, bacterial infections, parasitic infections, cancers, allergies, autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiencies and immunosuppression.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and reagents for oligonucleotide synthesis and purification. One aspect of the present invention relates to compounds useful for activating phosphoramidites in oligonucleotide synthesis. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing oligonucleotides via the phosphoramidite method using an activator of the invention. Another aspect of the present invention relates to sulfur-transfer agents. In a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-transfer agent is a 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-5-one. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a phosphorothioate by treating a phosphite with a sulfur-transfer reagent of the invention. In a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-transfer agent is a 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-5-one. Another aspect of the present invention relates to compounds that scavenge acrylonitrile produced during the deprotection of phosphate groups bearing ethylnitrile protecting groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and reagents for oligonucleotide synthesis and purification. One aspect of the present invention relates to compounds useful for activating phosphoramidites in oligonucleotide synthesis. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing oligonucleotides via the phosphoramidite method using an activator of the invention. Another aspect of the present invention relates to sulfur-transfer agents. In a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-transfer agent is a 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-5-one. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of preparing a phosphorothioate by treating a phosphite with a sulfur-transfer reagent of the invention. In a preferred embodiment, the sulfur-transfer agent is a 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazolidine-5-one. Another aspect of the present invention relates to compounds that scavenge acrylonitrile produced during the deprotection of phosphate groups bearing ethylnitrile protecting groups.

Abstract: The invention provides modified oligonucleotides of formula (I), comprising at least one metal chelator which provides a powerful tool for study of the pharmacokinetics of siRNA and its correlation with in vivo activity. The chelated metals provide luminescent properties enable detection of the oligonucleotides through the use of time-resolved fluorescent quenching based on energy transfer from the metal ion to a nonfluorescent quencher which can be used as non-isotopic labels of oligonucleotides for diagnostics and evaluation of cellular uptake.

Abstract: The invention provides immunostimulatory oligonucleotides having at least one CpG dinucleotide and a secondary structure at the 5?- or 3?-end. These oligonucleotides have either reduced or improved immunostimulatory properties. The invention establishes that 5?-terminal secondary structures affect immunostimulatory activity significantly more than those at the 3?-end. The invention also provides methods for increasing or decreasing the immunostimulatory activity of a CpG-containing nucleic acid.