Abstract: A waveguide arranged as a pupil expander for a display system is disclosed. The waveguide comprises a pair of opposing surfaces arranged to guide a light field therebetween by internal reflection. An input port is arranged to receive light from the display system. A reflective element is arranged to internally reflect the light field. The input port and reflective element are formed on a second surface of the pair of opposing surfaces. An output port is formed on a first surface of the pair of opposing surfaces by a transmissive-reflective element configured to divide the light field at each internal reflection therefrom such that a plurality of replicas of the light field are transmitted out of the waveguide through the output port.

Abstract: A projection assembly is described. The projection assembly comprises a first holographic projection channel configured to output a first holographic light field. The projection assembly further comprises a second holographic projection channel configured to output a second holographic light field. The first holographic projection channel and the second holographic projection channel are arranged such that the first holographic light field is adjoined with the second holographic light field in order to form a continuous field of view.

Abstract: A display system comprises a two-dimensional pupil expander. The pupil expander comprises a first replicator, a coupling element and a second replicator. The first replicator is arranged to receive a holographic light field and replicate the holographic light field in a first direction. The holographic light field is diverging. The coupling element comprises a reflective-transmissive surface arranged to receive the output of the first replicator and a reflective surface, opposing the reflective-transmissive surface, in order to guide at least a portion of the holographic light field by internal reflection therebetween to an output port of the coupling element and to reduce the size of the holographic light field in a second direction. The second replicator has an input port arranged to receive the output of the coupling element and replicate the holographic light field in the second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: A pupil expander for a head-up display. The head-up display has an eye-box having a first dimension and second dimension. The pupil expander comprises a pair of first waveguides each arranged to replicate a pupil in the first dimension of the eye-box. Each waveguide is elongated and tapered in the direction of elongation such that its input end is narrower than its output end. The first waveguides are arranged so that their input ends are substantially proximate each other and their respective output ends are substantially distal from each other.

Abstract: A waveguide arranged as a pupil expander for a display system is disclosed. The waveguide comprises a pair of opposing surfaces arranged to guide a light field therebetween by internal reflection. An input port is arranged to receive light from the display system. A reflective element is arranged to internally reflect the light field. The input port and reflective element are formed on a second surface of the pair of opposing surfaces. An output port is formed on a first surface of the pair of opposing surfaces by a transmissive-reflective element configured to divide the light field at each internal reflection therefrom such that a plurality of replicas of the light field are transmitted out of the waveguide through the output port.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments include a display system comprising a first waveguide pupil expander comprising an input port, output port, a first pair of parallel surfaces, and a second pair of parallel surfaces. The first pair of parallel surfaces is orthogonal to the second pair of parallel surfaces and arranged to light guide a diffracted or diverging (e.g. holographic) light field from the input port to the output port by internal reflection therebetween. A first surface of the first pair of parallel surfaces is partially transmissive-reflective such that the light field is divided at each internal reflection and a plurality of replicas of the light field is transmitted through a region of the first surface that forms the output port. The second pair of parallel surfaces is also arranged to light guide the light field from the input port to the output port by at least one internal reflection.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments include a head-up display for a vehicle comprising a first pupil replicator and second pupil replicator. The first pupil replicator extends in a first direction. The first pupil replicator is arranged to receive a holographic light field from a spatial light modulator having a pixel array defining a limiting aperture of the head-up display. A holographic light field is a complex light field spatially modulated in accordance with a hologram displayed on the spatial light modulator. The second pupil replicator extends in the first direction and in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The second pupil replicator comprises a first major surface forming an output and a second major surface parallel to the first major surface. The first pupil replicator is arranged within a planar layer substantially parallel and adjacent to the second major surface of the second pupil replicator.

Abstract: A system and method includes a display device comprising a spatial light modulator arranged to output spatially modulated light to form an image. The system further includes a waveguide pupil expander configured to receive spatially modulated light from the display device at an input port thereof and to expand the viewing window of the system. The system further comprises a controller. In examples, the controller is configured to control the spatially modulated light output by the display device, such as to control (e.g., turn off) a light source of the display device, in response to a signal indicating detection of the breakage of glass. The signal indicating detection of the breakage of glass may be generated in response to the detection of stray laser light of the holographic system by an eye-tracking system.