Abstract: A filter (10) and a filter element (18) for a fluid, particularly fuel, oil, water, air or urea solution, particularly of a combustion engine, particularly of an automobile, are described. The filter element (18) comprises a filter medium (20) through which fluid can flow. The filter element (18) further includes an electrically operated heating medium (30) that has at least one electrical resistor element with a temperature-dependent electrical resistor. The heating medium (30) is arranged in a path of flow (36) of the fluid in order to heat the fluid. The at least one resistor element includes an electrically conductive polymer composite that has a temperature-dependent electrical resistor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gear pump with two delivery gears meshing with one another, said gears cooperating in the rotation direction in front of or behind a plane containing the gear axes with a pressure and/or suction line. According to the invention, excess delivered pumping medium is introduced through a separate line behind the connection of the suction line in the circumferential direction of the gears, into the tooth spaces of the delivery gears in order to prevent any cavitation that might occur.