Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging device (1) for imaging microscopic or macroscopic objects (5). The imaging device (1) comprises a light source (2), an illumination beam path (6), an imaging beam path (7) and an imaging optical means (4), in particular in the form of an objective. The illumination beam path (6) extends from the light source (2) to the object (5). The imaging beam path (7) extends from the object (5) to a detector or a tube (3). At least one polarization means (9) is provided in the illumination beam path (6), which polarization means (9) can be used to convert the light of the light source to a prescribable polarization state. An analyzer means (10) is provided in the imaging beam path (7), with the analyzer means (10) and the polarization means (9) being able to be adjusted in relation to one another in such a manner that the light entering the imaging beam path (7) cannot pass through the analyzer means (10).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polarization interference microscope (1) for imaging objects (5). The polarization interference microscope (1) comprises a light source (2), an illumination beam path (6), an imaging beam path (7) and an objective (4). The illumination beam path (6) extends from the light source (2) to the object (5). The imaging beam path (7) extends from the object (5) to a detector or a tube (3). At least one polarization means (9) is provided in the illumination beam path (6) and/or in the imaging beam path (7), by which at least one polarization means the light of the respective beam path (6, 7) can be converted into a predeterminable polarization state. An analyzer means (10) is provided in the imaging beam path (7). A birefringent component is provided between the polarization means (9) and the analyzer means (10), by which birefringent component the light polarized by the polarization means (9) can be divided into two partial beams (13, 14) having different polarization directions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a microscope and an illumination device for a microscope that ensure optimal illumination in the standard (10×–100×), scanning (1.6×–5×), and macro (1×–1.6×) ranges. The illumination system comprises only one condenser head that can be switched in or out and that can optimally illuminate the entire range from 1× to 100×, and a movably arranged focusing lens that ensures optimal adaptation of the illumination to the entrance pupil for all ranges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of partially fluorinated fluoropolymers, in accordance with which fluoromonomers are free-radically polymerized in the presence of polyfluoropropanes or polyfluorobutanes of the formulae CF3—CH2—CF2H, CF3—CHF—CF2—H, CF3—CH2—CF3, CHF2—CF2—CH2F, CF3—CH2—CF2—CH3 AND CF3—CHF—CF2—CH3 and optionally a chain-transfer agent.

Abstract: The present invention therefore provides a vulcanizable mixture comprising a low-viscosity fluorinated rubbers, in which at least one fluorine monomer is polymerized by free radicals in the presence of one or more compounds of the formula (I) or (II) wherein R1 represents a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R2 represents a perfluoroalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and n=4 or 5, and, optionally, a molecular weight regulator.