Patents by Inventor Ralf Pakull

Ralf Pakull has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Publication number: 20050086214
    Abstract: The invention relates to a method and digital storage medium and a computer system for multilingual associative searching. The method, medium or system provides for input of the search text in a first language, the search text is automatically translated into a second language, the search text translated into the second language is transferred to an associative search module, the associative search module including a neural network or a predefined algorithm which is designed to search on the basis of a search text in the second language.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 18, 2004
    Publication date: April 21, 2005
    Inventors: Eric Seewald, Gunter Buxbaum, Ralf Pakull
  • Publication number: 20040254959
    Abstract: A computer-implemented method of performing a risk analysis for a project is described. The computer-implemented method includes, generating, in a hierarchical database, a plurality of area checklists in the form of documents, wherein each area checklist has at least one input field into which data is input. Next, the data from the hierarchical database is exported to a relational database. After completion of the exporting step, the relational database is accessed, and the risk analysis is performed on the data that has been exported into the relational database. The risk analysis results of the project are then outputted.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 20, 2003
    Publication date: December 16, 2004
    Inventors: Karsten Dierksen, Jurgen Ebbers, Reinhard Hirsch, Karsten Malsch, Volker Mues, Edgar Ostinning, Ralf Pakull
  • Publication number: 20030191744
    Abstract: The invention relates to a computer system for knowledge management with a first database means for storing documents and meta-information on documents, a second database means for storing user data, a means for accessing an external data source for loading external documents and storing external documents in the first database means, a first program means for the inputting a search request by an internal client computer, a second program means for adding a document to the first database means by the internal client computer, a third program means for inputting an evaluation for a document of the first database means by an internal client computer, a fourth program means for awarding and storing bonus points to the credit of a user as a function of user behavior.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 4, 2003
    Publication date: October 9, 2003
    Inventors: Torsten Derr, Paul-Johannes Mayska, Hakan Colakoglu, Frank Schnieders, Thomas Kraft, Georg Heger, Ralf Pakull
  • Publication number: 20030191780
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a computer system for the search, statistical evaluation and analysis of documents, with a server computer with means of access to an external database over a computer network, means for querying the external database according to a standard search profile, means for starting the query at predefined time intervals and means for storing data from the external database as the result of the query for an internal database.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 4, 2003
    Publication date: October 9, 2003
    Inventors: Georg Heger, Ralf Pakull, Christoph Schaub
  • Patent number: 5780690
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-alkanes on ion-exchange resins or mixtures of ion-exchange resins which are modified with alkyl-SH groups, wherein the monophenols and carbonyl compounds to be used have first been purified to remove substances which can transfer alkyl groups.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 8, 1997
    Date of Patent: July 14, 1998
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Klaus Berg, Gerhard Fennhoff, Ralf Pakull, Hans-Josef Buysch, Bernhard Wehrle, Alfred Eitel, Claus Wulff, Jurgen Kirsch
  • Patent number: 5545710
    Abstract: The present invention provides the use of polycarbonates containing carbonate structural units of the formula (I), ##STR1## for the production of optical articles, novel polycarbonates, which contain the structural units (I), together with a process for the production of these novel polycarbonates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 13, 1996
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Wilfried Haese, Friedrich Bruder, Ralf Pakull, J urgen Kirsch, Hartmut L ower
  • Patent number: 5420241
    Abstract: A process for purifying aromatic carbonate polymers, including polycarbonates and polyestercarbonates, is disclosed. Accordingly a carbonate polymer in an organic solvent is rendered virtually free of low molecular weight components by agitation with aluminosilicate or by passing through layers of such aluminosilicate. The aluminosilicate is subsequently separated off and the carbonate polymer is isolated in known methods.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 30, 1995
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Gerhard Fennhoff, Pieter Ooms, Hans-Josef Buysch, Ralf Pakull
  • Patent number: 5410014
    Abstract: A method of preparing aliphatic-aromatic polycarbonate resin is disclosed. Accordingly, the method entails reacting an oligocarbonate of diphenol having chlorocarbonic acid ester terminal groups, with an aliphatic diol, in a non-aqueous solvent. The amount of solvent is such that the oligocarbonate is about 10-40% relative to the total weight of solvent, oligocarbonate and diol.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 17, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 25, 1995
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Wilfried Haese, Ralf Pakull, Gerhard Fennhoff, Jurgen Kirsch
  • Patent number: 5408027
    Abstract: A process for producing an aliphatic-aromatic polycarbonate is disclosed. The process comprise (A) reacting in an anhydrous neutral solvent (i) an oligocarbonate of diphenol with (ii) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, and (B) eliminating the hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide by-products. The oligocarbonate of diphenol is characterized in that it is terminated by chlorocarbonic acid ester groups. The resins thus prepared are readily molded conventionally.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 24, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 18, 1995
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Wilfried Haese, Ralf Pakull, Gerhard Fennhoff, Jurgen Kirsch
  • Patent number: 5357028
    Abstract: A catalytic method for preparing thermoplastic carbonate polymers is disclosed. In the method according to the interfacial polycondensation process or the homogeneous solution process, resins which containing catalytically active groups are used as catalysts. The resulting resins are characterized by their color stability and temperature stability.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 28, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1994
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Ralf Pakull, Gerhard Fennhoff, Werner Struver, Jurgen Kirsch
  • Patent number: 5302774
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of bisphenols from acetone and phenols in the presence of sulfonic acid ion exchanger resins modified with alkyl-SH groups, in which 0.6 to 5% by weight H.sub.2 O is added to the mixture of phenol and acetone before the reaction.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 12, 1994
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Klaus Berg, Hans-Josef Buysch, Alfred Eitel, Gerhard Fennhoff, Otto Immel, Ralf Pakull, Bernhard Wehrle, Claus Wulff
  • Patent number: 5191001
    Abstract: A three-step process for the production of solventless polycarbonate is disclosed. Accordingly, a mixture of two different oligocarbonates each prepared by the interfacial method, is prepared in the first process step. In a second step, the mixture is crystallized. The third step entails polycondensation. In an additional embodiment of the invention the first step uses a mixture of one oligocarbonate with a suitable monomer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 10, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 2, 1993
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Steffen Kuhlig, Ralf Pakull, Ulrich Grigo, Peter Tacke, Dieter Freitag, Wolfgang Alewelt
  • Patent number: 5134219
    Abstract: The substituted polyheterocycles containing recurring structural units corresponding to the formula ##STR1## in which X is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or N-H, show good solubility in mixtures of methanesulfonic acid and methylene chloride or trifluoroacetic acid and methylene chloride. They may be used for the production of mixtures with thermoplastic polymers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 26, 1990
    Date of Patent: July 28, 1992
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Hans R. Kricheldorf, Jurgen Engelhardt, Ralf Pakull, Volker Eckhardt, Ulrich Leyrer
  • Patent number: 5102971
    Abstract: Process for the preparation of polyaromatic compounds in which an aromatic dichloro compound, optionally in the presence of an anhydrous aprotic solvent, is reacted with metallic zinc, manganese or magnesium in the presence of a catalyst system of(1) from 0.1 to 25 mol-% (based on the dihalogen compound) of a nickel salt, nickel complex salt or nickel complex,(2) from 2 to 100 mol per mol of nickel in (1) of a triarylphosphine and optionally(3) from 0.1 to 10 mol per mol of nickel (1) of a halide, sulphate or phosphate of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, zinc, magnesium or manganese.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 14, 1990
    Date of Patent: April 7, 1992
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Thomas Himmler, Rudolf Braden, Joachim Genz, Karsten-Josef Idel, Ralf Pakull
  • Patent number: 5084550
    Abstract: The novel thermotropic polycarbonates having recurring structural units of the formulae ##STR1## have good mechanical properties and good processability. They can be used in conventional manner for manufacturing mouldings, filaments, fibres and films.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 29, 1990
    Date of Patent: January 28, 1992
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Ralf Pakull, Dieter Freitag, Volker Eckhardt, Karsten-Josef Idel, Hans R. Kricheldorf, Dierik Lubbers
  • Patent number: 4985532
    Abstract: The new thermotropic polyesters containing recurring structural units corresponding to the following formulae ##STR1## show excellent mechanical properties and good processibility. They may be used in the usual way for the production of moldings, filaments, fibers and films.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 11, 1989
    Date of Patent: January 15, 1991
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Ralf Pakull, Dieter Freitag, Volker Eckhardt, Karsten-Josef Idel, Uwe Westeppe
  • Patent number: 4931534
    Abstract: The thermotropic aromatic polyesters according to the invention which contain recurring units corresponding to the following formulae ##STR1## show improved resistance to chemicals, low melting points and, hence, good processibility in addition to the well-known favorable mechanical properties of liquid-crystal materials. The thermotropic aromatic polyesters are used for the production of moldings, filaments, fibers and films.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 26, 1989
    Date of Patent: June 5, 1990
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Ralf Pakull, Volker Eckhardt, Joachim Genz, Karsten Idel, Hans-Rytger Kricheldorf, Volker Doring
  • Patent number: 4861857
    Abstract: Thermotropic polyesterimides based on N-(.omega.-carboxyalkylene)-trimellitic acid imides and diphenols are distinguished by superior mechanical properties while at the same time being easily processible.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 23, 1988
    Date of Patent: August 29, 1989
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Hans-Rytger Kricheldorf, Ralf Pakull, Volker Eckhardt, Hans-Rudolf Dicke
  • Patent number: 4631333
    Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyimide esters starting from trimellitic acid anhydride and aminophenols or aminohydroxy biphenyls.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 30, 1985
    Date of Patent: December 23, 1986
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Hans R. Kricheldorf, Ralf Pakull, Hans-Rudolf Dicke
  • Patent number: RE36432
    Abstract: A process for purifying aromatic carbonate polymers, including polycarbonates and polyestercarbonates, is disclosed. Accordingly, a carbonate polymer is an organic solvent is rendered virtually free of low molecular weight components by agitation with aluminosilicate or by passing through layers of such aluminosilicate. The aluminosilicate is subsequently separated off and the carbonate polymer is isolated in known methods.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 15, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1999
    Assignee: Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Gerhard Fennhoff, Pieter Ooms, Hans-Josef Buysch, Ralf Pakull