Patents by Inventor Ralph E. Spindler

Ralph E. Spindler has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Transparent counterelectrodes
    Patent number: 5209980
    Abstract: Novel transparent complementary electrode materials for electrochromic cells are disclosed, of the general formula [M.sup.1 ].sub.4 [M.sup.2 (CN).sub.6 ].sub.3 wherein M.sup.1 may be indium, gallium, gadolinium, lanthanum, and M.sup.2 is iron. Unlike Prussian blue (where M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are both iron), the complementary electrode materials of the present invention are stable, and do not have to be precharged.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 26, 1990
    Date of Patent: May 11, 1993
    Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.
    Inventor: Ralph E. Spindler