Abstract: This invention is a device that is intended to address the problem of patient asphyxiation of intubated patients resulting from a disconnection of the endotracheal tube and ventilator tubing. The proposed device is a t-shaped piece of tubing that is firmly attached such that its two ends which are not covered (the so-called parallel cylinder) are connected to the endotracheal tube and ventilator tubing, forming a conduit between these tubes. Running perpendicular to this parallel cylinder is the ‘t’ component of the tubing on which are mounted impermeable discs that serve as spring-loaded valves that open when the air pressure within the ventilation system exceeds the desired level, thus allowing air to flow into the lower pressure surrounding environment and dissipate the pressure within the ventilation system.

Abstract: The process by which a clinician selects what s/he thinks is the best medication for a patient with a given disease is at best an estimation of the myriad of risks and benefits each may have, and at worst a subjective guess. Because of burgeoning classes of medications and their members, the associated risks and benefits of each class and medication, and the addition of external medical guidelines, this task is becoming very difficult and at times dangerous. We describe a process that allows one to approach this problem in a systematic, quantitatively objective manner and include any number of facts and decision rules without relying solely on complex algorithms. The process easily accommodates fact revisions without redesigning algorithms, thus updates quickly. Although intuitive, the process would be very tedious to do manually but lends itself well to automated computations and medical software.