Abstract: A calibration circuit, including: a signal generator circuit configured to generate a modulated analog input signal, which is based on a digital input word that is modulated; an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) configured to convert an analog reference signal to a digital calibration word, wherein the analog reference signal is a low-pass-filtered version of the analog input signal generated by the signal generator circuit; and a feedback circuit configured to output the digital input word by adjusting the digital calibration word depending on a digital feedback signal, which is based on a modulated version of the analog reference signal, wherein the signal generator circuit, the ADC, and the feedback circuit are provided on a same chip.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rubber composition comprising a rubber and a processing additive wherein the processing additive is a functional reactive diluent having at least one functional group in the molecule which is not an olefinic unsaturation, to a process of compounding such rubber compositions, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rubber composition comprising a rubber and a processing additive wherein the processing additive is a functional reactive diluent having at least one functional group in the molecule which is not an olefinic unsaturation, to a process of compounding such rubber compositions, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates a mixture of a urethane-aldehyde resin UA prepared by condensation of an aldehyde A1 and an alkyl urethane U, and of a novolak PA, to a process for the preparation of the said mixture, and a method of use thereof as adhesion promoter in rubber goods.

Abstract: The invention relates a mixture of a urethane-aldehyde resin UA prepared by condensation of an aldehyde A1 and an alkyl urethane U, and of a novolak PA, to a process for the preparation of the said mixture, and a method of use thereof as adhesion promoter in rubber goods.

Abstract: Impregnating and bonding agent for textiles, comprising a mixture of a resorcinol-formaldehyde precondensate A, a rubber latex B and a melamine-formaldehyde resin C, impregnating process and reinforced rubber articles produced using the impregnates.

Abstract: Externally emulsified aqueous resole dispersions obtained by reacting phenols and oxo compounds in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, adding an emulsifier and then dispersing in water, the catalyst used during resole formation comprising aliphatic linear, branched or cyclic tertiary monohydroxyamines having from 4 to 40 carbon atoms, and their use as binders for abrasives, particularly abrasives on backings.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of water-dilutable polyvinylbutyral dispersions by (1) reacting an aliphatic acid having from one to three isocyanate-reactive groups and from one to three acid groups, or a mixture of such acids, with one or more polyfunctional isocyanates whose average functionality is at least two, where the quantity of the isocyanate component is chosen such that the ratio of the number of isocyanate groups to the number of isocyanate-reactive groups of the acid component is between 2.2:1 and 1.7:1; (2) then reacting from 25 to 75% of the remaining isocyanate groups with at least one monofunctional compound selected from monoalcohols and monoamines; and (3) reacting this NCO-functional emulsifier resin further with polyvinylbutyral and, if desired, with an appropriate plasticizer resin using a suitable auxiliary solvent. The polyvinylbutyral dispersions prepared in this way can be used as binders and binder components for coatings with good adhesion.

Abstract: Preparation of binder resins having improved flow properties in the manufacture of curable fiber composites of natural or synthetic fiber materials, which are based on thermosetting novolaks which contain crosslinking agents and contain practically no free mononuclear phenols, by admixing polyglycols and/or polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof and/or acid esters of polyglycols and polycarboxylic acids, preferably in amounts of in total up to 20% by weight, to the novolaks in the melt, pulverizing the mixture, after cooling to room temperature, and mixing it intimately with the required amount of pulverulent crosslinking agent.