Abstract: A method of grafting a silica support includes adding the silica support to a solvent, resulting in a first solution, adding an amount of silane to the first solution, resulting in a second solution, filtering grafted silica support from the second solution, and drying the grafted silica support.

Abstract: A composition for hydrogen storage includes a receptor, a hydrogen dissociating metal doped on the receptor, and a metal salt doped on the receptor. The hydrogen dissociating metal is configured to spill over hydrogen to the receptor, and the metal salt is configured to increase a rate of the spill over of the hydrogen to the receptor.

Abstract: A composition for hydrogen storage includes a receptor, a hydrogen dissociating metal doped on the receptor, and a metal salt doped on the receptor. The hydrogen dissociating metal is configured to spill over hydrogen to the receptor, and the metal salt is configured to increase a rate of the spill over of the hydrogen to the receptor.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing hydrogen spillover and storage are disclosed. One embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the hydrogen receptor to ultrasonication as doping occurs. Another embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the doped hydrogen receptor to a plasma treatment.

Abstract: A composition for hydrogen storage includes a source of hydrogen atoms, a receptor, and a chemical bridge formed between the source and the receptor. The chemical bridge is formed from a precursor material. The receptor is adapted to receive hydrogen spillover from the source.

Abstract: A method for desulfurizing natural gas includes contacting the natural gas with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs at least one of hydrogen sulfide, COS, sulfur odorants, or combinations thereof, at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing desulfurized natural gas and an at least one of hydrogen sulfide/COS/sulfur odorant/combinations thereof-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes a copper species adapted to form ?-complexation bonds and direct metal-sulfur bonds with the at least one of hydrogen sulfide, COS, sulfur odorants, or combinations thereof, and wherein the preferential adsorption occurs by ?-complexation and direct metal-sulfur bonding.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing hydrogen spillover and storage are disclosed. One embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the hydrogen receptor to ultrasonication as doping occurs. Another embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the doped hydrogen receptor to a plasma treatment.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing hydrogen spillover and storage are disclosed. One embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the hydrogen receptor to ultrasonification as doping occurs. Another embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the doped hydrogen receptor to a plasma treatment.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing nitrous oxides in diesel exhaust with hydrogen and carbon monoxide over a palladium based catalyst. The catalyst comprises a compound represented by the formula: X % Pd—Y % V2O5/Z, where X is between about 0.1 to about 2.0, Y is between about 0.1 to about 7.0, and Z is an oxide support.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing hydrogen spillover and storage are disclosed. One embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the hydrogen receptor to ultrasonification as doping occurs. Another embodiment of the method includes doping a hydrogen receptor with metal particles, and exposing the doped hydrogen receptor to a plasma treatment.

Abstract: A method for desulfurizing natural gas includes contacting the natural gas with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs at least one of hydrogen sulfide, COS, sulfur odorants, or combinations thereof, at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing desulfurized natural gas and an at least one of hydrogen sulfide/COS/sulfur odorant/combinations thereof-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes a copper species adapted to form ?-complexation bonds and direct metal-sulfur bonds with the at least one of hydrogen sulfide, COS, sulfur odorants, or combinations thereof, and wherein the preferential adsorption occurs by ?-complexation and direct metal-sulfur bonding.

Abstract: A method for removing thiophene and thiophene compounds from liquid fuel includes contacting the liquid fuel with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs the thiophene and thiophene compounds. The adsorption takes place at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing a non-adsorbed component and a thiophene/thiophene compound-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes either a metal or a metal ion that is adapted to form ?-complexation bonds with the thiophene and/or thiophene compounds, and the preferential adsorption occurs by ?-complexation. A further method includes selective removal of aromatic compounds from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic compounds.

Abstract: A method for removing thiophene and thiophene compounds from liquid fuel includes contacting the liquid fuel with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs the thiophene and thiophene compounds. The adsorption takes place at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing a non-adsorbed component and a thiophene/thiophene compound-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes either a metal or a metal cation that is adapted to form ?-complexation bonds with the thiophene and/or thiophene compounds, and the preferential adsorption occurs by ?-complexation. A further method includes selective removal of aromatic compounds from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic compounds.

Abstract: A method for removing thiophene and thiophene compounds from liquid fuel includes contacting the liquid fuel with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs the thiophene and thiophene compounds. The adsorption takes place at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing a non-adsorbed component and a thiophene/thiophene compound-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes either a metal or a metal cation that is adapted to form ?-complexation bonds with the thiophene and/or thiophene compounds, and the preferential adsorption occurs by ?-complexation. A further method includes selective removal of aromatic compounds from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic compounds.

Abstract: A method for removing thiophene and thiophene compounds from liquid fuel includes contacting the liquid fuel with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs the thiophene and thiophene compounds. The adsorption takes place at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing a non-adsorbed component and a thiophene/thiophene compound-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes either a metal or a metal ion that is adapted to form ?-complexation bonds with the thiophene and/or thiophene compounds, and the preferential adsorption occurs by ?-complexation. A further method includes selective removal of aromatic compounds from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic compounds.

Abstract: Sulfur resistant/tolerant adsorbents useful for separating olefins from paraffins in a cracked gas stream including hydrogen sulfide. The method comprises the steps of contacting the gaseous mixture with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs the alkene, at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing a non-adsorbed component and an alkene-rich adsorbed component; the adsorbent comprising a carrier having a surface area, the carrier having been impregnated with a silver compound by incipient wetness, the silver compound releasably retaining the alkene; and changing at least one of the pressure and temperature to thereby release the alkene-rich component from the adsorbent. The adsorbent substantially maintains its adsorbent capacity and preference for the alkene in the presence of the sulfur compound. Sulfur resistant/tolerant adsorbents useful for selectively separating dienes from a mixture, particularly one containing mono-olefins and hydrogen sulfide, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides novel adsorbents for use in the separation of unsaturated hydrocarbons from a mixture of gases containing such hydrocarbons. The preferred adsorbents comprise metal compounds supported on high surface area carriers. The adsorbents of the invention are usable in pressure swing adsorption or temperature swing adsorption processes.

Abstract: A method for removing thiophene and thiophene compounds from liquid fuel includes contacting the liquid fuel with an adsorbent which preferentially adsorbs the thiophene and thiophene compounds. The adsorption takes place at a selected temperature and pressure, thereby producing a non-adsorbed component and a thiophene/thiophene compound-rich adsorbed component. The adsorbent includes either a metal or a metal cation that is adapted to form &pgr;-complexation bonds with the thiophene and/or thiophene compounds, and the preferential adsorption occurs by &pgr;-complexation. A further method includes selective removal of aromatic compounds from a mixture of aromatic and aliphatic compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides new methods for separating nitrogen from a mixture. The invention provides adsorbents specifically for accomplishing nitrogen separation. The adsorbents and separation methods are particularly useful for the selective adsorption of nitrogen from air. In one aspect, the adsorbent comprises an ion exchange zeolite X and preferably zeolite LSX (low silica zeolite X). The zeolite is most preferably a lithium-based zeolite. Further, the zeolite has exchangeable cationic sites, with silver cation or copper cation occupying at least some of the exchangeable cationic sites. The Ag/Cu exchanged zeolite is heat-treated under specific conditions as per the invention. The presence of the silver cation or copper cation at any of the sites will provide an improvement over the non-exchanged zeolite.

Abstract: CuY and AgY zeolites as selective sorbents for desulfurization of liquid fuels. Thiophene and benzene were used as the model system, and vapor phase isotherms were measured. Compared with NaY, CuY and AgY adsorbed significantly larger amounts of both thiophene and benzene at low pressures. It is hypothesized that this is due to &pgr;-complexation with Cu+ and Ag+. On a per-cation basis, more thiophene was adsorbed by Cu+ than by Ag+, e.g., 0.92 molecule/Cu+ versus 0.42 molecule/Ag+ at 2×10−5 atm and 120° C. Molecular orbital calculations confirmed the relative strengths of &pgr;-complexation: thiophene>benzene and Cu+>Ag+. The experimental heats of adsorption for &pgr;-complexation are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. The invention further comprises a process and sorbents for removal of aromatics from hydrocarbons.