Abstract: A method of identifying anomalies characterizing failed transactions engaged in via a communications network, the method comprising: determining occurrence frequencies of fields and/or field values exhibited by the fields in successful transaction messages engaged in via the network; determining occurrence frequencies of fields and/or field values exhibited by the fields in messages of failed transactions engaged in via the network; and processing the occurrence frequencies to determine anomalous occurrence frequencies exhibited by the failed transactions.

Abstract: A method of determining an identity of a called or calling user of a communication propagated over a communications network, the method comprising: determining at least one characterizing feature of an outgoing communication to a called user or an incoming communication from a calling user transmitted over the communications network that is associated with a first user; identifying an incoming or outgoing communication respectively of a second user of the communications network having a least one characterizing feature that matches the at least one characterizing feature of the outgoing or incoming communication associated with the first user; and determining an identity of the called or calling user to be that of the second user.

Abstract: A method of identifying anomalies characterizing failed transactions engaged in via a communications network, the method comprising: determining occurrence frequencies of fields and/or field values exhibited by the fields in successful transaction messages engaged in via the network; determining occurrence frequencies of fields and/or field values exhibited by the fields in messages of failed transactions engaged in via the network; and processing the occurrence frequencies to determine anomalous occurrence frequencies exhibited by the failed transactions.

Abstract: A data store configured to store data generated by activity of network elements (NEs) of a communications network, the data store comprising: a stateless Base-index data store configured to store stateless Base-index records, each stateless Base-index record comprising a copy of at least a portion of data comprised in a protocol data unit (PDU) generated by an NE and a stateless Base-index vector comprising a value for at least one intrinsic Base-index from a selection of intrinsic Base indices, which value may be used to associate the PDU with a temporary feature of the network; and a stateful identifier index (ID-index) store configured to store stateful ID-index records, each stateful ID-index stateful record comprising an identifier index (ID-index) vector.

Abstract: A data store configured to store data generated by activity of network elements (NEs) of a communications network, the data store comprising: a stateless Base-index data store configured to store stateless Base-index records, each stateless Base-index record comprising a copy of at least a portion of data comprised in a protocol data unit (PDU) generated by an NE and a stateless Base-index vector comprising a value for at least one intrinsic Base-index from a selection of intrinsic Base indices, which value may be used to associate the PDU with a temporary feature of the network; and a stateful identifier index (ID-index) store configured to store stateful ID-index records, each stateful ID-index stateful record comprising an identifier index (ID-index) vector.

Abstract: A method of determining an identity of a called or calling user of a communication propagated over a communications network, the method comprising: determining at least one characterizing feature of an outgoing communication to a called user or an incoming communication from a calling user transmitted over the communications network that is associated with a first user; identifying an incoming or outgoing communication respectively of a second user of the communications network having a least one characterizing feature that matches the at least one characterizing feature of the outgoing or incoming communication associated with the first user; and determining an identity of the called or calling user to be that of the second user.