Abstract: Compounds of formula (1) wherein R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, amino, carboxy, carboxylic ester, sulfo, sulfonic ester, carboxylic amide, sulfonic amide, alkylthio, arylthio, alkoxy or aryloxy, R?1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, amino, carboxy, carboxylic ester, sulfo, sulfonic ester, carboxylic amide, sulfonic amide, alkylthio, arylthio, alkoxy or aryloxy, X is —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(alkyl)—, X? is —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(alkyl)—, Y is hydrogen or carboxylic ester, Y? is hydrogen or carboxylic ester, Z is ?C— or ?N—, Z? is ?C— or ?N—, x is 0 or 1, when Z is ?N—, then x is 0, y is 0 or 1, when Z? is ?N—, then y is 0, A is a conjugated linking bridge of the formula wherein n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, B is a phenyl ring, T is ?C(R3)— or ?N—, wherein R3 is hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl or CN, W is a heterocyclic, or linear or polycondensed aromatic group which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylthio or amino, G is —CH? or —N?, and R2 i

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, amino, carboxy, carboxylic ester, sulfo, sulfonic ester, carboxylic amide, sulfonic amide, alkylthio, arylthio, alkoxy or aryloxy, R?1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, amino, carboxy, carboxylic ester, sulfo, sulfonic ester, carboxylic amide, sulfonic amide, alkylthio, arylthio, alkoxy or aryloxy, X is —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(alkyl)-, X? is —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(alkyl)-, Y is hydrogen or carboxylic ester, Y? is hydrogen or carboxylic ester, Z is ?C— or ?N—, Z? is ?C— or ?N—, x is 0 or 1, when Z is ?N—, then x is 0, y is 0 or 1, when Z? is ?N—, then y is 0, A is a conjugated linking bridge of the formulae (II), (III), (IV), (V), or (VI), wherein n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, B is a phenyl ring, T is ?C(R3)— or ?N—, wherein R3 is hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl or CN, W is a heterocyclic, or linear or polycondensed aromatic group which is unsubstituted or substituted by alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylthio or amino, G i

Abstract: Heat curable compositions comprising: (A) at least one compound which is capable of undergoing cationic polymerization; (B) at least one quaternary ammonium salt of an aromatic-N-heterocyclic cation and of a non-nucleophilic anion; (C) at least one 1,1,2,2-substituted-1,2-ethane-diol and/or a derivative thereof, and (D) optionally further additives; and wherein said component (C) is a compound of formula (I), wherein each of R1, R2, and R3 independently of the other is unsubstituted phenyl or has one of the meanings of R4; R4 is substituted phenyl optionally substituted &agr;-naphthyl or &bgr;-naphthyl, or an optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring system or each of R1 and R2 and/or R3 and R4 independently of the other form a residue of formula (II), wherein each of R5 and R6 independently of the other is hydrogen or (C1-C4)alkyl; R7 is —(CH2)n— or —S— or —O—; and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a compound of the formula A(D)x(E)y (I) by reaction of a compound of the formula A(H)x(H)y with a pyrocarbonic acid diester of the formula wherein x and y are each independently of the other an integer from 0 to 6, but x and y are not simultaneously the number 0, A is the radical of a chromophore of the quinacridone, anthraquinone, perylene, indigo, quinophthalone, indanthrone, isoindolinone, isoindoline, dioxazine, azo, phthalocyanine or diketopyrrolopyrrole series, which radical is bonded via one or more nitrogen atoms to x groups D and via one or more oxygen atoms to y groups E, the nitrogen atoms and oxygen atoms forming part of the radical A, each group D or E independently of any other(s) is hydrogen or a group of the formula wherein at least one group D or E is not hydrogen, and L is any desired group suitable solubilization, in the presence of a base as catalyst, in which method the reaction takes place in an aroma