Abstract: A system for configuring resources in an environment for use by at least one process. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a process sorter configured to rank the at least one process based on numbers of resources that steps in the at least one process can use, (2) an optimizer coupled to the process sorter and configured to employ an optimization heuristic to accumulate feasible allocations of resources to the steps based on the ranking of the at least one process, (3) a resource sorter coupled to the optimizer and configured to rank the resources in a non-decreasing order based on numbers of the steps in which the resources can be used, the optimizer further configured to remove one of the resources from consideration based on the ranking of the resources until infeasibility occurs and (4) an environment configuration interface configured to allow the environment to be configured in accordance with remaining ones of the resources.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for passive mid-stream monitoring of real-time properties. A passive mid-stream monitoring process is disclosed that determines whether a system is faulty. The passive mid-stream monitoring process obtains a real-time correctness property and a passively monitored mid-stream observation of the system. A timed correctness property, A?, is constructed from the passively monitored mid-stream observation. An intersection of the real-time correctness property and the timed correctness property is then determined to determine if the system is faulty. A passively testable determination process is also disclosed that determines whether a real-time correctness property for a system is passively testable.

Abstract: A method for fusing a plurality of images. The method includes: acquiring the plurality of images from a plurality of different modalities, each one of the images having a different reference space; and fusing the plurality of images into a common reference space, such common reference space being different from the reference space of each one of the plurality of acquired images. Thus, with such method, a unified process is provided for handling fusion across multiple clinical interventional and/or surgery (i.e., intra-operative) procedures.

Abstract: Routing-related scalability problems associated with the growth of the Internet are solved by assigning topologically encoded Internet addresses to each node within a network.

Abstract: Network convergence is greatly reduced because new routing paths are only selected when they are substantially better than pre-existing, best available paths.

Abstract: A copper electroplating bath composition and a method of copper electroplating to improve gapfill are provided. The method of electroplating includes providing an aqueous electroplating composition, comprising copper, at least one acid, at least one halogen ion, an additive including an accelerating agent, a suppressing agent, and a suppressing-accelerating agent, and the solution and mixture products thereof; contacting a substrate with the plating composition; and impressing a multi-step waveform potential upon the substrate, wherein the multi-step waveform potential includes an entry step, wherein the entry step includes a first sub-step applying a first current and a second sub-step applying second current, the second current being greater than the first current. The accelerating agent is provided in concentration of greater than 1.

Abstract: The transport of Quality-of Service (QoS) sensitive information over domains operated by different service providers may be assured using architectures that include separate forwarding and control planes.

Abstract: Information can be transported over domains operated by different service providers at required Quality-of-Service (QoS) levels without disclosing inter- and/or intra-domain information to ensure that the topology of a given service provider's domain (e.g., network) is not disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the creation of maintenance plans. The maintenance plans are created by determining the service requirements for equipment, and normalizing the service requirements. These service requests are formalized in the language of XML Schema and semantic heterogeneity between different plans resolved with the use of ontologies. The matched service requests are combined to form the global service plan. Finally, resources may then be allocated to execute the created maintenance plans and appropriate maintenance schedules are identified based in the created maintenance plans.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for passive mid-stream monitoring of real-time properties. A passive mid-stream monitoring process is disclosed that determines whether a system is faulty. The passive mid-stream monitoring process obtains a real-time correctness property and a passively monitored mid-stream observation of the system. A timed correctness property, A?, is constructed from the passively monitored mid-stream observation. An intersection of the real-time correctness property and the timed correctness property is then determined to determine if the system is faulty. A passively testable determination process is also disclosed that determines whether a real-time correctness property for a system is passively testable.

Abstract: A hierarchical structure for the Internet only requires designated nodal elements, each within its own associated cluster of nodal elements, to compute routing paths to other similarly designated nodal elements outside of its cluster. In this manner, the number of routing paths needed to be computed by a given element is greatly reduced.

Abstract: Routing-related scalability problems associated with the growth of the Internet are solved by assigning topologically encoded Internet addresses to each node within a network.

Abstract: Network convergence is greatly reduced because new routing paths are only selected when they are substantially better than pre-existing, best available paths.

Abstract: A copper electroplating bath composition and a method of copper electroplating to improve gapfill are provided. The method of electroplating includes providing an aqueous electroplating composition, comprising copper, at least one acid, at least one halogen ion, an additive including an accelerating agent, a suppressing agent, and a suppressing-accelerating agent, and the solution and mixture products thereof; contacting a substrate with the plating composition; and impressing a multi-step waveform potential upon the substrate, wherein the multi-step waveform potential includes an entry step, wherein the entry step includes a first sub-step applying a first current and a second sub-step applying second current, the second current being greater than the first current. The accelerating agent is provided in concentration of greater than 1.