Abstract: A steam reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. A steam reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the steam reformer.

Abstract: A autothermal reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. An autothermal reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the autothermal reformer.

Abstract: A autothermal reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. An autothermal reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the autothermal reformer.

Abstract: A steam reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. A steam reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the steam reformer.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions containing red mud and rhodium are provided. An exemplary catalyst composition includes about 50 wt % to about 99 wt % of a mixed-oxide material including iron oxide, aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide, and about 1 wt % to about 40 wt % of rhodium oxide, calculated as Rh2O3.

Abstract: A dry reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. A dry reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the dry reformer.

Abstract: A bi-reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. A bi-reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the bi-reformer.

Abstract: Modified red mud catalyst compositions, methods for production, and methods of use in dry reforming, the composition comprising: red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; and nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.

Abstract: Modified red mud catalyst compositions, methods for production, and methods for use, a composition including red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition; and a Periodic Table Group VIB metal oxide, the Group VIB metal oxide present at between about 1 wt. % and about 30 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.

Abstract: A system and a method for isomerizing a 2-butene feed stream to form a 1-butene product stream are provided. An exemplary method includes calcining the red mud, flowing a butene feedstock over the red mud in an isomerization reactor, and separating 1-butene from a reactor effluent.

Abstract: A systems and a method for isomerizing a feedstock to form an alpha-olefin product stream are provided. An exemplary method includes calcining the red mud, flowing an olefin feedstock over the red mud in an isomerization reactor, and separating the alpha-olefin from a reactor effluent.

Abstract: Modified red mud catalyst compositions, methods for production, and methods of use in bi-reforming, the composition comprising: red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; and nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.

Abstract: A steam reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. A steam reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the steam reformer.

Abstract: A autothermal reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. An autothermal reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the autothermal reformer.

Abstract: A bi-reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. A bi-reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the bi-reformer.

Abstract: A system and a method for isomerizing a 2-butene feed stream to form a 1-butene product stream are provided. An exemplary method includes calcining the red mud, flowing a butene feedstock over the red mud in an isomerization reactor, and separating 1-butene from a reactor effluent.

Abstract: A dry reforming catalyst that includes treated black powder (primarily hematite), and a method of treating black powder (e.g., from a natural gas pipeline) to give the treated black powder. A dry reformer having the treated black powder as reforming catalyst, and a method of producing syngas with the dry reformer.

Abstract: Modified red mud catalyst compositions, methods for production, and methods of use in steam reforming, the composition comprising: red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; and nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.

Abstract: Methods for autothermal reforming over a modified red mud catalyst composition, one method including providing a methane feed with oxygen and carbon dioxide to react over the modified red mud catalyst composition at increased temperature and increased pressure to produce synthesis gas comprising H2 and CO, the composition comprising red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition; and a Periodic Table Group VIB metal oxide, the Group VIB metal oxide present at between about 1 wt. % and about 30 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.

Abstract: Modified red mud catalyst compositions, methods for production, and methods of use in autothermal reforming, the composition comprising: red mud material produced from an alumina extraction process from bauxite ore; and nickel oxide, the nickel oxide present at between about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of the modified red mud catalyst composition.