Abstract: A method includes capturing one or more first images of retinal cells of an eye and illuminating the retinal cells with a first light after capturing the one or more first images, to cause the retinal cells to exhibit a first response. The method also includes capturing one or more second images of the retinal cells after illuminating the retinal cells with the first light and illuminating the retinal cells with a second light after capturing the one or more second images, to cause the retinal cells to exhibit a second response. The method also includes capturing one or more third images of the retinal cells after illuminating the retinal cells with the second light. The method also includes generating an output, using the first images, the second images, and the third images. The output quantifies the first response and the second response.

Abstract: An optical instrument includes a first light source configured to generate a broadband light; an optical module configured to collimate the broadband light and focus the broadband light into a line; a beam splitter configured to split the broadband light into a sample beam and a reference beam and configured to combine the reference beam with the sample beam to form an interference beam; a control system configured to scan the sample beam on a retina of a subject along an axis that is substantially perpendicular to the sample beam; a second light source configured to stimulate the retina with a visible light to induce a physical change within the retina such that the sample beam is altered by the physical change; an image sensor; and a dispersive element configured to receive the interference beam from the beam splitter and to disperse the interference beam onto the image sensor.

Abstract: Measurement of the optical point spread function through a double-pass technique is enhanced by using adaptive optics to form a tiny spot of light on the retina.

Abstract: Measurement of the optical point spread function through a double-pass technique is enhanced by using adaptive optics to form a tiny spot of light on the retina.

Abstract: Depth-of-focus (DoF) is extended in a presbyopic patient by inducing different higher order aberrations, e.g. spherical aberration, to each of the two eyes. That method will result in improving binocular through-focus visual performance and outperform traditional monovision. The aberration can be induced in any suitable way, such as by an intraocular lens or a contact lens.