Abstract: The invention relates to a process for improving the efficiency of solvent vapors absorption system and in particular it relates to a continuous process reducing the contaminants released by said solvent vapors absorption system i.e., the concentration of solvent contaminating the discharged air can be reduced by a factor 10 and/or the concentration of the liquid contaminating the recovered solvent is reduced to level below detection limit.

Abstract: A method for degassing carbon dioxide from a stream of water is provided, whereby water is supplied at a predefined volumetric flow to a gas balancing filter, wherein the water in a first step is collected in a basin with a free upper surface and a depth and in a second step is allowed to flow out of the basin through at least one orifice provided beneath the free upper surface and in a third step the water flowing out of the orifice is allowed to free-fall a distance D through a controlled atmosphere and is then collected in a further basin provided beneath the basin. The invention comprises the further steps that the first, second and third steps are repeated two or more times with basins provided consecutively below each other. A gas balancing filter is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simplified modular reactor, where the method of purifying swimming pool waters can be carried out in an integral manner, where said method may comprise simultaneously applying the techniques of: oxidation-disinfection, ultraviolet radiation, and pH adjustment on the water to be treated.

Abstract: Flash chemical ionizing pyrolysis (FCIP) process. The FCIP includes mixing an iron source material, an alkali or alkaline earth metal chloride source material, an aqueous phase, and an oil component to form a feed emulsion; introducing the feed emulsion into an FCIP reactor at a temperature greater than about 400° C. up to about 600° C., a pressure from 10 to 50 psia and a residence time of 0.1 to 10 seconds, to form an FCIP effluent; and condensing a liquid ionizing pyrolyzate (LIP) from the effluent. The feed emulsion can be free of added solids other than the iron source material, the alkali or alkaline earth metal chloride source material, and any sediment in the oil component.

Abstract: Flash chemical ionizing pyrolysis (FCIP) process. The FCIP includes mixing an iron source material, an alkali or alkaline earth metal chloride source material, an aqueous phase, and an oil component to form a feed emulsion; introducing the feed emulsion into an FCIP reactor at a temperature greater than about 400° C. up to about 600° C., a pressure from 10 to 50 psia and a residence time of 0.1 to 10 seconds, to form an FCIP effluent; and condensing a liquid ionizing pyrolyzate (LIP) from the effluent. The feed emulsion can be free of added solids other than the iron source material, the alkali or alkaline earth metal chloride source material, and any sediment in the oil component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simplified modular reactor, where the method of purifying swimming pool waters can be carried out in an integral manner, where said method may comprise simultaneously applying the techniques of: oxidation-disinfection, ultraviolet radiation, and pH adjustment on the water to be treated.

Abstract: Flash chemical ionizing pyrolysis (FCIP) at 450° C.-600° C. forms liquid ionizing pyrolyzate (LIP) that can be blended in oil feedstock for thermal processes to promote conversion of heavier hydrocarbons to reduce resid/coke yields and/or increase yields of liquid hydrocarbons and isomerates. A front-end refinery process modifies crude oil with LIP for distillation to reduce resid/coke yields and/or increase liquid oil yields. A downstream process modifies a heavy oil stream such as resid with LIP and the LIP-modified stream can be thermally processed to reduce resid/coke yields and/or increase liquid oil yields. FCIP of the LIP blends also improves quality and/or yields of the liquid pyrolyzate product. Finely divided FCIP solids can contain FeCl3 supported on NaCl-treated calcium bentonite. A process for preparing the FCIP solids treats iron with HCl and HNO3 to form acidified FeCl3 of limited solubility, loads the FeCl3 on NaCl-treated bentonite, and heat-treats the material at 400° C.-425° C.

Abstract: Flash chemical ionizing pyrolysis (FCIP) at 450° C.-600° C. forms liquid ionizing pyrolyzate (LIP) that can be blended in oil feedstock for thermal processes to promote conversion of heavier hydrocarbons to reduce resid/coke yields and/or increase yields of liquid hydrocarbons and isomerates. A front-end refinery process modifies crude oil with LIP for distillation to reduce resid/coke yields and/or increase liquid oil yields. A downstream process modifies a heavy oil stream such as resid with LIP and the LIP-modified stream can be thermally processed to reduce resid/coke yields and/or increase liquid oil yields. FCIP of the LIP blends also improves quality and/or yields of the liquid pyrolyzate product. Finely divided FCIP solids can contain FeCl3 supported on NaCl-treated calcium bentonite. A process for preparing the FCIP solids treats iron with HCl and HNO3 to form acidified FeCl3 of limited solubility, loads the FeCl3 on NaCl-treated bentonite, and heat-treats the material at 400° C.-425° C.

Abstract: An emulsion and system for catalytic pyrolysis can include a mixture of 100 parts by weight heavy oil, 5 to 100 parts by weight water, and 1 to 20 parts by weight solid catalyst particulates, which can include an oxide or acid addition salt of a Group 3-16 metal on a mineral support, such as ferric chloride on bentonite. Also, a pyrolysis system can include a charge of the emulsion, a transfer line to supply the emulsion to a pyrolysis chamber, a combustion gas source to supply a combustion gas to heat the pyrolysis chamber, a control system to maintain the pyrolysis chamber at a temperature, pressure and residence time to form a pyrolyzate vapor phase, and a vapor line to receive the pyrolyzate vapor phase from the pyrolysis chamber.

Abstract: An emulsion and system for catalytic pyrolysis can include a mixture of 100 parts by weight heavy oil, 5 to 100 parts by weight water, and 1 to 20 parts by weight solid catalyst particulates, which can include an oxide or acid addition salt of a Group 3-16 metal on a mineral support, such as ferric chloride on bentonite. Also, a pyrolysis system can include a charge of the emulsion, a transfer line to supply the emulsion to a pyrolysis chamber, a combustion gas source to supply a combustion gas to heat the pyrolysis chamber, a control system to maintain the pyrolysis chamber at a temperature, pressure and residence time to form a pyrolyzate vapor phase, and a vapor line to receive the pyrolyzate vapor phase from the pyrolysis chamber.

Abstract: A roadway construction material based on treated drill cuttings, a base or sub-base of a roadway comprising treated drill cuttings and water, and methods of making and using the roadway construction material.

Abstract: Method includes heating mixture of heavy oil (API<22.3), water, and catalyst in a reactor to form pyrolyzate vapor condensable to form an oil phase lighter than the heavy oil. The feed mixture can include 100 parts by weight heavy oil, 5 to 100 parts by weight water, and 1 to 20 parts by weight solid catalyst particulates, which can include an oxide or acid addition salt of a Group 3-16 metal on a mineral support. Also, an apparatus for treating the heavy oil includes a mixing zone to prepare the emulsion, a transfer line to a pyrolysis zone; and a control system for the pyrolysis zone. Also, a process includes injecting the pyrolyzate in a treatment fluid into an injection well.

Abstract: A roadway construction material based on treated drill cuttings, a base or sub-base of a roadway comprising treated drill cuttings and water, and methods of making and using the roadway construction material.

Abstract: Method includes heating mixture of heavy oil (API<22.3), water, and catalyst in a reactor to form pyrolyzate vapor condensable to form an oil phase lighter than the heavy oil. The feed mixture can include 100 parts by weight heavy oil, 5 to 100 parts by weight water, and 1 to 20 parts by weight solid catalyst particulates, which can include an oxide or acid addition salt of a Group 3-16 metal on a mineral support. Also, an apparatus for treating the heavy oil includes a mixing zone to prepare the emulsion, a transfer line to a pyrolysis zone; and a control system for the pyrolysis zone. Also, a process includes injecting the pyrolyzate in a treatment fluid into an injection well.

Abstract: Computer-aided method to predict the location of an impact on an aircraft of debris shed off from the own aircraft comprising the following steps: a) providing the nominal position on the aircraft of said debris before its detachment; b) represent the debris by a body of a size and density appropriate to its characteristics; c) calculating a predetermined number of trajectories in three dimensions of said body in a predetermined fluid field when it is detached from the aircraft using an analytical model for calculating said trajectories and randomly varying one or more of the following initial conditions: the initial position of the body; the dimensions of the body; the damping coefficients of the angular velocity; the initial angles of roll, pitch and yaw; d) calculating the points of impact of said trajectories in the aircraft.

Abstract: A method to reclaim and purify an oil bound to a substrate, and a reclaimed oil obtained thereby having, relative to the oil in the bound liquid in the substrate, a lower aromatic content, improved rheological properties, improved handling properties, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A method to recover oil from an oil bearing substrate, and a reclaimed oil produced thereby having improved properties relative to the oil originally present in the substrate. Fluids comprising the recovered oil are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method to upgrade oil wherein an oil containing material is heated with a catalyst in a turbulent environment of less than about 1 volume percent oxygen to produce a vapor phase comprising an upgraded oil. Also disclosed is a thermal desorption process in which an oil contaminated substrate is contacted with an acidic reagent to form a peptizate, and the peptizate is mixed with a combustion effluent gas under turbulent conditions at a temperature above 200° C. to form the catalyst for the oil upgrading method.

Abstract: A method to recover oil from an oil bearing substrate, and a reclaimed oil produced thereby having improved properties relative to the oil originally present in the substrate. Fluids comprising the recovered oil are also disclosed.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) based cyber security education system is provided. A training component, a knowledge component, and a collaborative component are interfaced to a distance learning component to form a STEM-based cyber security education system interface on an educational content server. The educational content server is coupled to a content database configured to access STEM-based cyber security educational content associated with one or more of: the training component, the knowledge component, and the collaborative component. Asynchronous delivery of the STEM-based cyber security educational content is provided to an end user computer in response to a user request. An interactive session is established between one or more experts and the end user computer to provide synchronous delivery of STEM-based cyber security materials.