Abstract: Methods in an optical receiver, for decoding a received M-level pulse-amplitude-modulated, PAM-M, optical signal. An example method comprises, for a first interval, decoding (510) the received PAM-M optical signal using a standard PAM-M decoder with M-1 thresholds, using first sampling times, to obtain a first set of decoded bits, and decoding (520) the received PAM-M optical signal using a duobinary decoder with 2M-2 thresholds, at second sampling times offset from the first sampling times, to obtain second set of decoded bits. The method further comprises calculating (530) first and second error metrics corresponding to the first and second sets of decoded bits, respectively, and selecting (540) the standard PAM-M decoder or the duobinary decoder for subsequent decoding of the received PAM-M optical signal, based on the first and second error metrics.

Abstract: A discharge head features a motor mounting plate configured for mounting on a motor; a base plate configured for mounting on a pump assembly; an elbow transition mounted on the base plate configured for providing discharge from the pump assembly; a seal housing pipe coupled to the elbow transition configured for receiving a mechanical seal or packing arrangement; supporting pipes arranged between the motor mounting plate and the base plate; and ribs arranged between the supporting pipes and the seal housing pipe configured to prevent substantially lateral and torsional movement, including movement due to reacting hydraulic forces at a pump nozzle and inertia from a driver. The discharge head according to the present invention makes it quicker and easier to couple together the shaft of a pump and the shaft of a motor in such VTSH pumps when compared to the techniques known in the art.

Abstract: A discharge head features a motor mounting plate configured for mounting on a motor; a base plate configured for mounting on a pump assembly; an elbow transition mounted on the base plate configured for providing discharge from the pump assembly; a seal housing pipe coupled to the elbow transition configured for receiving a mechanical seal or packing arrangement; supporting pipes arranged between the motor mounting plate and the base plate; and ribs arranged between the supporting pipes and the seal housing pipe configured to prevent substantially lateral and torsional movement, including movement due to reacting hydraulic forces at a pump nozzle and inertia from a driver. The discharge head according to the present invention makes it quicker and easier to couple together the shaft of a pump and the shaft of a motor in such VTSH pumps when compared to the techniques known in the art.

Abstract: Device and method that allows an objective measure to be taken of the size and morphological pattern of the degradation of the image in scotopic vision. It consists of a black front screen (1) which has a central luminous source (2) surrounded by a grid of circular light spots (3) which at the beginning of the test light up sequentially or at random, according to the method selected, from the nearest to the central source of glare in a centrifuge fashion to the outermost, and a trigger which the patient will press every time he can discriminate the presence of each of the spots in 12 meridians. The non-discriminated or hidden spots will border an area which is interpreted as being occupied by the light aberration and is used as a basis for calculating the glare index.

Abstract: This suction ring is composed of a ring-shaped body (1) with an incarcerated, bevelled front opening (2), with an anterolateral cannula (4) for connection to a vacuum pump and a dovetail guide (7) on which the microkeratome cutting blade moves. The lateral wall of the body (1) has a tapered truncated conical configuration, diverging backwards for adaptation to the eyeball, in order to increase the suction capacity to the eye. The front area has a wider stepped perimeter (6), which together with a bulge (8) on the outer edge and corresponding to the tips of the guide (7), increases the effective length of the latter, allowing better fixation of the cutting blade.

Abstract: Device and method that allows an objective measure to be taken of the size and morphological pattern of the degradation of the image in scotopic vision. It consists of a black front screen (1) which has a central luminous source (2) surrounded by a grid of circular light spots (3) which at the beginning of the test light up sequentially or at random, according to the method selected, from the nearest to the central source of glare in a centrifuge fashion to the outermost, and a trigger which the patient will press every time he can discriminate the presence of each of the spots in 12 meridians. The non-discriminated or hidden spots will border an area which is interpreted as being occupied by the light aberration and is used as a basis for calculating the glare index.

Abstract: A microkeratotome for the dissection of lamellae of corneal tissue includes a body (1) inside which a chassis (8) is housed where two motors (10) and (12) are installed which provide the oscillation of the corresponding cutting blade and the movement of the head (21) in which the cutting blade itself (20) is situated, all of which is combined with a suction ring (24) which immobilizes and imparts vacuum pressure to the eyeball through an orifice, the vacuum pressure being distributed simultaneously from the ring (24) through a peripheral channel situated in the same. The said ring is prevented from coming loose due to the maximum pressure reached in the eye when the unit is mounted upon it. It also includes an electronic control unit which has, according to the keratometry appropriate to the patient, several programmes which predefine cutting qualities.