Abstract: A method for preparing a polarization volume holographic grating capable of achieving different diffraction efficiencies includes: coating a top surface of a substrate medium with a photo-alignment layer; covering a top surface of the photo-alignment layer with a mask, and performing interference exposure using two orthogonal circularly-polarized beams; removing the mask, and then coating the top surface of the photo-alignment layer with a layer of liquid crystal solution of a preset concentration; placing the liquid crystal solution into a nitrogen environment, and curing the liquid crystal solution under UV irradiation to obtain a liquid crystal film; removing a disordered liquid crystal film in a non-grating region on the substrate medium using a laser cleaning device, so as to obtain a PVG; and covering a surface of the PVG with a graded-UV-transmittance filter, and exposing the grating through the filter to UV light to obtain PVG regions.

Abstract: A vehicle power management system and method are provided for disconnecting/resetting a load and using a current profile based on vehicle information. Each channel of the power management system can be turned off automatically to isolate a faulted load or commanded to reset a downstream device. Also, the power management system can compensate its response based on ambient temperature or other vehicle conditions. Other embodiments are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a variant of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) being derived from Anabaena variabilis and comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the variant comprises amino acid substitution C503S/C565L, so that the variant comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2; or amino acid substitution C503S/C565P, so that the variant comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3; or amino acid substitution C503L/C565P, so that the variant comprises the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4. The present disclosure also provides a conjugate and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the variant, a polynucleotide encoding the variant, a bacterium comprising the variant, and a method for preparing the variant.

Abstract: In a method of generating a user interface, a user query is submitted to an encoder LLM which provides variable elements used to infer novel variable elements using a factor graph document database, which are in turn passed to a decoder LLM to generate user interface elements.

Abstract: A two-dimensional exit pupil expansion method for waveguide display based on polarization volume gratings (PVGs) is provided. Based on the polarized diffraction properties of the PVGs as waveguide coupling elements, a light beam from a microimage source system is introduced into and then propagates in a waveguide medium. By a composite PVG structure, a light field of a transmitted image is subjected to two-dimensional exit pupil expansion and emission, and finally incident into human eyes to achieve waveguide augmented reality imaging.

Abstract: A two-dimensional exit pupil expansion method for waveguide display based on polarization volume gratings (PVGs) is provided. Based on the polarized diffraction properties of the PVGs as waveguide coupling elements, a light beam from a microimage source system is introduced into and then propagates in a waveguide medium. By a composite PVG structure, a light field of a transmitted image is subjected to two-dimensional exit pupil expansion and emission, and finally incident into human eyes to achieve waveguide augmented reality imaging.

Abstract: A system for predicting therapy resistance and its molecular mechanisms in rectal cancer before treatment is provided. The system includes a feature extraction device, a collection device, a signature construction device and a prediction device. The system can predict responses to neoadjuvant therapy in patients before treatment, analyze patients who are resistant to rectal cancer therapy and their underlying molecular mechanism, thereby enabling personalized therapy for patients who are resistant to rectal cancer therapy. The system has important clinical significance in improving the overall survival of rectal cancer patients.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for high-efficiency transport of single particles for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Single particles may be delivered to the mass spectrometer for quantification of trace elements. The systems may include droplet generation, conveyance module, capillary tubing, and/or an integrated inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch, which may allow for the sequential transportation of single particles.

Abstract: A braking system for an air brake vehicle includes a source of working pressure and a source of vacuum pressure. The system includes at least one brake actuator having a first chamber for receiving the working pressure, a second chamber for receiving the vacuum pressure; and a push rod that moves linearly in response to pressure in the first chamber and second chamber. A brake assembly is mechanically connected to the push rod for applying friction to a wheel end of a vehicle in response to the linear movement of the push rod.

Abstract: A system for calibrating signals received over a power line within a vehicle includes a signal conditioning circuit that converts the analog input signals into digital input signals. In one embodiment the circuit includes an adjustable gain circuit that outputs an amplifier gain signal establishing an amplifier gain level and an amplifier that outputs amplified signals responsive to the analog input signals and the amplifier gain signal. In another embodiment, the circuit includes a bias circuit that outputs a bias signal establishing a bias level and a comparator that generates the digital input signals responsive to the analog input signals and the bias signal. A controller receives the digital input signals and generates, depending on the embodiment, one or more control signals configured to control the configuration of the amplifier gain signal and amplifier gain level and/or the bias signal and the bias level.

Abstract: A system for calibrating signals received over a power line within a vehicle includes a signal conditioning circuit that converts the analog input signals into digital input signals. In one embodiment the circuit includes an adjustable gain circuit that outputs an amplifier gain signal establishing an amplifier gain level and an amplifier that outputs amplified signals responsive to the analog input signals and the amplifier gain signal. In another embodiment, the circuit includes a bias circuit that outputs a bias signal establishing a bias level and a comparator that generates the digital input signals responsive to the analog input signals and the bias signal. A controller receives the digital input signals and generates, depending on the embodiment, one or more control signals configured to control the configuration of the amplifier gain signal and amplifier gain level and/or the bias signal and the bias level.

Abstract: A system for predicting therapy resistance and its molecular mechanisms in rectal cancer before treatment is provided. The system includes a feature extraction device, a collection device, a signature construction device and a prediction device. The system can predict responses to neoadjuvant therapy in patients before treatment, analyze patients who are resistant to rectal cancer therapy and their underlying molecular mechanism, thereby enabling personalized therapy for patients who are resistant to rectal cancer therapy. The system has important clinical significance in improving the overall survival of rectal cancer patients.

Abstract: In an example, an energy harvesting system includes a support apparatus and a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element may be configured as a plate supported at its periphery by the support apparatus to enable a central portion of the piezoelectric element to move along an axis that is orthogonal to a contact surface of the plate. A body having a mass is configured to move in a direction that is substantially parallel to the axis of the plate and apply force to deform the contact surface of the plate, such that electrical energy is generated by the piezoelectric element based on the applied force.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a microbead and a method for preparing the same. Also provided is a method for detecting and analyzing biomolecules in sample by using element analysis.

Abstract: A system includes a rectifier having an input configured to receive a variable AC input voltage and convert the AC input voltage to a rectified output voltage. A power converter has an input coupled to receive the rectified output voltage and to provide a DC supply voltage at an output thereof. A low drop-out regulator has an input coupled to receive the supply voltage and is configured provide a regulated voltage. A sensor is coupled to receive the regulated voltage as a power source and is configured to sense a condition and provide sensor data indicative of the sensed condition.

Abstract: Provided is a tag for labeling a biomolecule, comprising a polymer backbone, one or more pendant moieties, and an end group capable of binding to the biomolecule, wherein each of the pendant moieties is attached to the polymer backbone and capable of chelating with an element. Also provided is a conjugate, comprising a biomolecule covalently coupled with the tag.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for high-efficiency transport of single particles for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Single particles may be delivered to the mass spectrometer for quantification of trace elements. The systems may include droplet generation, conveyance module, capillary tubing, and/or an integrated inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch, which may allow for the sequential transportation of single particles.

Abstract: Disclosed are a series of pyrimidine sulfamide compounds and applications thereof in preparing a drug for a disease related to an ETA receptor antagonist. In particular, disclosed is a derived compound represented by formula (I) or a tautomer or pharmaceutically acceptable composition thereof.

Abstract: A sensor network that is easy to deploy and substantially maintenance-free is disclosed. Sensor networks in accordance with the present invention include a base station and at least one sensor node that is operative for monitoring the occupancy of an area and wirelessly communicating information to the base station. The sensor node includes an energy harvester for converting ambient energy into electrical energy and an energy manager that enables self-powering of the sensor node using only the electrical energy derived from the ambient energy. The energy manager also includes a cold-start module that enables initiation of sensor-node operation even in the absence of any stored energy onboard the sensor node.

Abstract: A system includes a rectifier having an input configured to receive a variable AC input voltage and convert the AC input voltage to a rectified output voltage. A power converter has an input coupled to receive the rectified output voltage and to provide a DC supply voltage at an output thereof. A low drop-out regulator has an input coupled to receive the supply voltage and is configured provide a regulated voltage. A sensor is coupled to receive the regulated voltage as a power source and is configured to sense a condition and provide sensor data indicative of the sensed condition.