Abstract: A switch (10) having a beam-forming network (12) generates independently steerable beams (26). One or more of the independently steerable beams couple in radiating communication with selected ones of M beam ports (18). A feeder array (11) or second beam-former (13) provides signals to radiating elements 19 to form multiple antenna beams for communication.

Abstract: A technique is disclosed for restoring the orthogonality of dual polarized signals in frequency reuse communications systems. The technique may be characterized as polarization coding at the transmitter and polarization decoding at the receiver. Coding and decoding is accomplished solely by means of phase shifters and sum and difference networks which are lossless in the dissipative sense. The required phase shifts are determined by defining the transmission media in terms of a transmission matrix. All depolarization effects including those attributable to antennas, feeds and media are lumped into this matrix. The transmission matrix may be determined empirically, and the phase shifts fixed for a given transmission media.