Abstract: Apparatus and methods for transferring both power and data across an inductive link using coupled coils are disclosed. In some embodiments, a disclosed apparatus comprises: an external device and an internal device. The external device comprises: a first LC tank comprising a first coil, a switching power amplifier comprising a first switch electrically coupled to the first LC tank, and a first data modulator configured to implement on-off keying (OOK) to open and close the first switch. The internal device comprises: a second LC tank comprising a second coil that is inductively coupled to the first coil through an inductive link, a tank circuit comprising a second switch electrically coupled to the second LC tank, and a second data modulator configured to implement cyclic on-off keying (COOK) to open and close the second switch.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for transferring both power and data across an inductive link using coupled coils are disclosed. In some embodiments, a disclosed apparatus comprises: an external device and an internal device. The external device comprises: a first LC tank comprising a first coil, a switching power amplifier comprising a first switch electrically coupled to the first LC tank, and a first data modulator configured to implement on-off keying (OOK) to open and close the first switch. The internal device comprises: a second LC tank comprising a second coil that is inductively coupled to the first coil through an inductive link, a tank circuit comprising a second switch electrically coupled to the second LC tank, and a second data modulator configured to implement cyclic on-off keying (COOK) to open and close the second switch.

Abstract: Methods and systems for constructing a comprehensive history for an IMD are disclosed. The method includes interrogating an implantable medical device (IMD) with an interrogating external programmer device (EPD), and comparing a unique signature associated with the interrogating EPD to a stored signature, associated with a particular programmer device that most immediately previously programmed the IMD, in memory of the IMD. If the unique signature of the interrogating programmer device is not the same as the stored signature, the method includes recording the stored signature in the interrogating EPD. The method may optionally include replacing the stored signature in the IMD memory with the unique signature of the interrogating EPD if the interrogating EPD programs the IMD. A comprehensive history for the IMD may be constructed by tracing the values in the IMD and the programmer databases.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a method comprises (a) implementing a first therapy in an implantable medical device (IMD) from a programmed sequence of therapies for a first time period, (b) implementing a second therapy from the sequence in the IMD for a second time period following the first time period, and repeating (a) and (b).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for projecting an end of service (EOS) and/or an elective replacement indication (ERI) of a component in an implantable device is provided. The method comprises measuring the measured voltage of the energy storage device, and determining whether the measured voltage is less than a transition voltage. When the measured voltage is less than the transition voltage, determining a time period remaining until an end of service of the energy storage device is based upon a function of the measured voltage. When the measured voltage is greater than or equal to the transition voltage, determining a time period remaining until an end of service of the energy storage device is based upon a function of the total charge depleted. The transition voltage is a voltage associated with the transition point of non-linearity in the battery voltage depletion curve.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for projecting an end of service (EOS) and/or an elective replacement indication (ERI) of a component in an implantable device is provided. The method comprises measuring the measured voltage of the energy storage device, and determining whether the measured voltage is less than a transition voltage. When the measured voltage is less than the transition voltage, determining a time period remaining until an end of service of the energy storage device is based upon a function of the measured voltage. When the measured voltage is greater than or equal to the transition voltage, determining a time period remaining until an end of service of the energy storage device is based upon a function of the total charge depleted. The transition voltage is a voltage associated with the transition point of non-linearity in the battery voltage depletion curve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing an override of an operational mode of an implantable medical device. An override input to enter an override mode is received. A determination as to whether a magnetic input has been received is made. A predetermined response to the magnetic input is blocked in response to receiving the override input.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing for altering a neurostimulation therapy provided by an implantable medical device (IMD). A presence of a magnetic field and/or a tap input is detected. A programmed time period for altering the neurostimulation therapy is determined based upon detecting the presence of the magnetic field and/or the tap input. An alteration of the neurostimulation therapy is performed for the duration of the time period.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for performing a lead condition assessment and/or a lead orientation determination associated with an implantable medical device (IMD). A first impedance is determined. The first impedance relates to the impedance relative to a first electrode and a portion of the IMD. A second impedance is determined. The second impedance relates to the impedance relative to a second electrode and the portion of the IMD. The first impedance is compared with the second impedance to determine an impedance difference. A determination is made whether the impedance difference is outside a predetermined tolerance range. Furthermore, artifact measured during impedance measurements or test pulses may be compared to assess lead orientation. An indication of a lead condition error is provided in response to determining that the impedance difference is outside the predetermined tolerance range.

Abstract: A method, system, and an apparatus are provided for providing multiple stimulation modes for a medical device, such as an implantable medical device. The method includes applying a first electrical signal to a nerve of a patient during a primary time period. The method further includes applying a second electrical signal to the nerve of the patient during a secondary time period in which the first electrical signal is not applied. The secondary electrical signal may provide a reduced level of stimulation that improves a therapeutic effect and/or reduces a side effect associated with the first electrical signal.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for providing a stimulation signal comprising a variable ramping portion using an implantable medical device (IMD). The first electrical comprises a first ramping portion. The first ramping portion comprises a first parameter selected from the group consisting of an amplitude, a rate of change of the amplitude, a time period of a rate of change of the amplitude, a pulse width, a rate of change of the pulse width, a time period of a rate of change of the pulse width, a frequency, a rate of change of the frequency, a time period of a rate of change of the frequency, and a duration of a time period of the ramping portion, the first parameter having a first value. The first electrical signal is applied to a target location of the patient's body. A second electrical signal comprising a second ramping portion is generated. The second ramping portion comprises the first parameter having a second value that is different from the first value.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a method comprises (a) implementing a first therapy in an implantable medical device (IMD) from a programmed sequence of therapies for a first time period, (b) implementing a second therapy from the sequence in the IMD for a second time period following the first time period, and repeating (a) and (b).

Abstract: A device comprises a stimulus generator comprising an instruction processor. The stimulus generator is configured to deliver stimuli to a biological tissue. The device also comprises a non-volatile memory for storing instructions directly executable by the instruction processor, the instructions controlling, at least in part, the operation of the device. The instruction processor generates an erase control signal to erase at least a segment of the non-volatile memory and a write control signal to write one or more new instructions to at least a segment of the non-volatile memory, thereby modifying the operation of the device.

Abstract: A method, system, and an apparatus are provided for providing an electrical neurostimulation therapy to a patient. The method comprises generating an electrical biasing signal defined by a plurality of parameters, at least one of which comprises a random value within a defined range, and applying the electrical biasing signal to a neural structure to bias an intrinsic neural signal on the structure. Neurostimulators and neurostimulation systems are provided for generating such a biasing signal and applying the signal to the neural structure, and include a stimulus generator for generating the signal, one or more electrodes for delivering the signal to a neural structure, and a controller for applying the signal to the electrodes.

Abstract: A method, system, and an apparatus are provided for providing an electrical neurostimulation therapy to a patient. The method comprises generating an electrical biasing signal defined by a plurality of parameters, at least one of which comprises a random value within a defined range, and applying the electrical biasing signal to a neural structure to bias an intrinsic neural signal on the structure. Neurostimulators and neurostimulation systems are provided for generating such a biasing signal and applying the signal to the neural structure, and include a stimulus generator for generating the signal, one or more electrodes for delivering the signal to a neural structure, and a controller for applying the signal to the electrodes.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for implementing a safe mode operation of an implantable medical system using impedance adjustment(s) are provided. A first impedance is provided to a lead. An indication of a possibility of a coupled energy is received. Based upon said indication, a second impedance associated with the lead to reduce the coupled energy is provided.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for implementing a safe mode operation of an implantable medical system using impedance adjustment(s) are provided. A first impedance is provided to a lead. An indication of a possibility of a coupled energy is received. Based upon said indication, a second impedance associated with the lead to reduce the coupled energy is provided.

Abstract: A method (and associated apparatus) of providing electrical neurostimulation therapy to a patient using an implanted neurostimulator comprises (a) delivering an electrical stimulation to a nerve and (b) determining whether a predetermined condition has occurred as a result of the stimulation. The method further comprises (c) if the predetermined condition has not occurred, adjusting one or more stimulation parameters; and (d) repeating (a), (b), and (c) until the predetermined condition occurs.

Abstract: A method, system, and an apparatus for providing a multi-phasic stimulation signal for an implantable device are provided. An electrical pulse with a first characteristic that includes a first pulse width, a first pulse amplitude, a first pulse polarity, or a first pulse shape, is applied during a first time period to a portion of a vagus nerve using an implantable device. A controlled modification of the first characteristic of the electrical pulse is performed. The controlled modification is performed to provide a second characteristic for the electrical pulse during a second time period. The electrical pulse with the second characteristic is applied to the target portion of the vagus nerve.

Abstract: A method sensing at least two physiological parameters and, for each of the at least two physiological parameters, generating a first series of signals representative of the physiological parameter sensed over a first time period, storing each of said first series of signals as a time sequence data stream, and determining when a physiological event has occurred in a patient. The method further comprises analyzing each of said time sequence data streams for a predetermined time interval preceding the occurrence of a physiological event to determine at least one marker as a predictor of the event, and again sensing the physiological parameters. Furthermore, the method comprises generating a second series of signals representative of the physiological parameter sensed, analyzing each of the second series of signals to determine whether the marker is present, and stimulating a cranial nerve when the marker is present in the second series of signals.