Abstract: In one aspect, a system for adjusting flow rate of at least one mobile phase delivered to a liquid chromatography (LC) column is disclosed, which includes a first plurality of pre-calibrated flow modules each configured to receive a first mobile phase at an inlet port thereof and to provide a pre-calibrated range of output flow rates of said first mobile phase at its outlet port, wherein said first plurality of flow modules are configured to provide different ranges of output flow rates of said first mobile phase, and a first selector valve in fluid communication with said first plurality of pre-calibrated flow modules for selecting among said first plurality of pre-calibrated flow modules for selective delivery of said first mobile phase to said LC column, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the first mobile phase delivered to said LC column.

Abstract: Vials for reducing the volume of sample that must be contained within the vial when interfacing with a variety of analytical instruments are provided herein, and particularly, for use in analytical instruments that interact with a sample via a “polar” or asymmetric probe, including in capillary electrophoresis, liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography, by way of non-limiting example. In accordance with various aspects of the present teachings, the vials can reduce the waste of expensive and/or scarce samples common in the round vials and vial inserts conventionally used in the art.

Abstract: Improved data acquisition systems and methods that enable large numbers of data samples to be accumulated rapidly with low noise are described. In one aspect, a data acquisition system includes an accumulator that has two or more parallel accumulation paths and is configured to accumulate corresponding data samples across a transient sequence through different accumulation paths.

Abstract: An apparatus for electronically controlling a quadrupole in a mass spectrometer, comprises radio frequency (RF) drive circuitry and direct current (DC) drive circuitry coupled to a quadrupole, an RF control loop associated with the RF drive circuitry, a DC control loop associated with the DC drive circuitry, and control loop circuitry associated with the DC control loop, the control loop circuitry configured to alter a response of the DC control loop during a settling time period of a step response such that ion transmission through the quadrupole is greater during the settling time than if the response of the DC control loop during the settling time is unaltered.

Abstract: Improved data acquisition systems and methods that enable large numbers of data samples to be accumulated rapidly with low noise are described. In one aspect, a data acquisition system includes an accumulator that has two or more parallel accumulation paths and is configured to accumulate corresponding data samples across a transient sequence through different accumulation paths.