Abstract: A gypsum washer includes a rotating trommel receiving raw material and a flow of water, and having paddles tilted to reduce impacts of the gypsum passing through the trommel while still providing a washing action. Bentonite separates from the gypsum in the trommel, liquifies, and is released through a mesh screen at the end of the trommel separating from the gypsum. The gypsum is released from the trommel into a water fed trough, scooped from the trough, and released into a storage area. The liquified bentonite is carried by a water flow into one or more settlement tanks, and recovered for use.

Abstract: A gypsum washer includes a rotating trommel receiving raw material and a flow of water, and having paddles tilted to reduce impacts of the gypsum passing through the trommel while still providing a washing action. Bentonite separates from the gypsum in the trommel, liquifies, and is released through a mesh screen at the end of the trommel separating from the gypsum. The gypsum is released from the trommel into a water fed trough, scooped from the trough, and released into a storage area. The liquified bentonite is carried by a water flow into one or more settlement tanks, and recovered for use.

Abstract: A display device having a plurality of segments connected with one or more stretchable members is described. The device is may be configured with nesting segments and to have mechanically generated movement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for purifying carboxylic acids is disclosed. A mixture containing crude carboxylic acid is contacted with a selective crystallization solvent to form a slurry of a salt complex of the carboxylic acid and the selective crystallization solvent. The salt complex is recovered and optionally processed to recover the free carboxylic acid. The method and apparatus of the invention is particularly suitable for purifying aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid. The present invention also reduces contamination by carboxybenaldehyde isomers in crude phthalic acids by oxidizing the carboxybenzaldehyde to the corresponding phthalic acid.

Abstract: A gate hanger—hinging kit/process, hinges a gate to a vertical support structure, such as a post, concrete column, I-Beam, etc.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for removing a catalyst from a reaction mixture formed by reacting a hydrocarbon or an oxygenated hydrocarbon with an oxidant in the presence of the catalyst in a reactor, in which the reaction mixture contains one or more dibasic acids. The catalyst is removed by adding water and/or cooling the reaction mixture to cause phase separation, recycling the polar phase to the reactor, and transferring the less-polar phase to an ion exchange unit to remove catalyst contained therein.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for removing a catalyst from a reaction mixture formed by reacting a hydrocarbon or an oxygenated hydrocarbon with an oxidant in the presence of the catalyst in a reactor, in which the reaction mixture contains one or more dibasic acids. The catalyst is removed by adding water and/or cooling the reaction mixture to cause phase separation, recycling the polar phase to the reactor, and transferring the less-polar phase to an ion exchange unit to remove catalyst contained therein.

Abstract: A process for the removal of sulfur compounds from a hydrocarbon stream is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the process includes extractive distillation of a gasoline stream from a fluid catalytic cracker to reject olefins to a raffinate stream and simultaneously extract sulfur compounds to an extract stream.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for removing a catalyst from a reaction mixture formed by reacting a hydrocarbon and an oxidant in the presence of the catalyst in a reactor, in which the reaction mixture contains one or more dibasic acids. The catalyst is removed by adding water and/or cooling the reaction mixture to cause phase separation, recycling the polar phase to the reactor, and transferring the non-polar phase to an ion exchange unit to remove catalyst contained therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing isophthalic acid from metaxylene and especially for purifying crude isophthalic acid (IPA) produced in the course of such method, or otherwise, from a liquid dispersion thereof also containing impurities selected from unreacted starting materials, solvents, products of side reactions and/or other undesired materials. The purifying portion of the method comprises the step of: (1) filtering the dispersion to form a crude IPA filter cake; (2) dissolving the filter cake in a selective crystallization solvent at an elevated temperature to form a solution; (3) crystallizing purified IPA from the solution in the crystallization solvent by reducing the temperature, or pressure, or both of the solution; (4) separating the crystallized purified IPA from the solution; and (5) re-dissolving or soaking the washed purified IPA cake at elevated temperature, to remove the final traces of the crystallization solvent and obtain the desirable particle sizes and shape.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing purified terephthalic acid and, optionally, isophthalic acid from mixed xylenes. The method of the present invention purifies the oxidation reactor effluent containing a mixture of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid as well as minor amounts of 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA), 3-carboxybenzaldehyde (3-CBA), and toluic acid isomers, to produce purified terephthalic acid and, optionally, purified isophthalic acid in an integrated process.

Abstract: A method for reducing carboxybenzaldehyde isomers in crude terephthalic and/or isophthalic acids is described. Crude TPA or IPA is dissolved in N-methyl pyrrolidone and is subsequently contacted with an oxidant, such as substantially anhydrous hydrogen peroxide, to convert the carboxybenzaldehyde isomer (4-CBA or 3-CBA) to TPA or IPA under moderate temperature and pressure conditions.

Abstract: An extractive distillation process for separating at least one substituted unsaturated aromatic from a pyrolysis gasoline mixture, containing said aromatic and at least one close-boiling aromatic or non-aromatic hydrocarbon, employing a two part extractive solvent, the first part selected from propylene carbonate, sulfolane (tetramethylene sulfone), methyl carbitol, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 2-pyrrolidinone and mixtures thereof, and the second portion consisting of water.