Abstract: An article includes a substrate having a first major surface and optionally a second major surface. A layering arrangement is disposed on either or both of the first major surface and the second major surface. The layering arrangement includes a carbon layer and a conducting polymer layer.

Abstract: Current collectors and methods are provided that relate to electrodes that are useful in electrochemical cells. The provided current collectors include a metallic substrate, a substantially uniform nano-scale carbon coating, and an active electrode material. The coating has a maximum thickness of less than about 200 nanometers.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrode for a lithium-ion battery. The method includes providing a metallic substrate and coating the metallic substrate with a substantially solvent free electroactive coating composition. Coating the metallic substrate includes buffing the electroactive coating composition onto a major surface of the metallic substrate.

Abstract: Current collectors and methods are provided that relate to electrodes that are useful in lithium polymer electrochemical cells. The provided current collectors include a metallic substrate, a substantially uniform nano-scale carbon coating, and an active electrode material. The coating has a maximum thickness of less than about 200 nanometers.

Abstract: A method of making scrolls is provided that includes providing a tape having a first side and second side wherein the first side of the tape is has an adhesive disposed thereon and the second side of the tape has a release coating disposed thereon, affixing the adhesive to a solid surface, buff-coating exfoliatable particles on the release side of the tape to form a coating; and peeling the tape from the solid surface at an angle. The coating separates from the release side of the tape and curls inwards to form scrolls. The scrolls can include graphite. Also provided is a continuous method of making scrolls and an apparatus.

Abstract: Article having a first single, discrete atomic, dry layer of a first weakly bonded crystalline material on at least a surface of a substrate.

Abstract: Electrically-conductive articles are provided that include a current collector (102) having a conductive coating (104a, 104b). The current collector (102) has nanoporous structure, such as that from etched metal, and a carbon coating (104a, 104b) in contact with the current collector (102). The carbon coating (104a, 104b) is free of binder. In some embodiments, the current collector (102) includes etched aluminum. The provided electrically-conductive articles can be electrochemical capacitors or lithium-ion electrochemical cells.

Abstract: Current collectors and methods are provided that relate to electrodes that are useful in lithium polymer electrochemical cells. The provided current collectors include a metallic substrate, a substantially uniform nano-scale carbon coating, and an active electrode material. The coating has a maximum thickness of less than about 200 nanometers.

Abstract: Current collectors and methods are provided that relate to electrodes that are useful in lithium polymer electrochemical cells. The provided current collectors include a metallic substrate, a substantially uniform nano-scale carbon coating, and an active electrode material. The coating has a maximum thickness of less than about 200 nanometers.

Abstract: Current collectors and methods are provided that relate to electrodes that are useful in lithium polymer electrochemical cells. The provided current collectors include a metallic substrate, a substantially uniform nano-scale carbon coating, and an active electrode material. The coating has a maximum thickness of less than about 200 nanometers.

Abstract: An interdigital electronic device comprises a conductor, an interdigital electrode, and a composite material disposed between the conductor and the interdigital electrode for electrically connecting the conductor and the interdigital electrode under application of sufficient pressure therebetween. The composite material comprises conductive particles at least partially embedded in an electrically insulating layer. The conductive particles have no relative orientation and are disposed so that substantially all electrical connections made between the conductor and the interdigital electrode are in the z direction. At least one of the conductor and the interdigital electrode is movable toward the other.

Abstract: An adhesive membrane comprises (a) a conductor; (b) a composite material comprising conductive particles at least partially embedded in an electrically insulating layer disposed on the conductor; and (c) a pressure sensitive adhesive layer disposed on the composite material, the conductive particles being capable of electrically connecting the conductor to a second conductor under application of sufficient pressure therebetween, the conductive particles having no relative orientation and being disposed so that substantially all electrical connections made between the conductor and a second conductor will be in the z direction, and the combined thickness of the electrically insulating layer and the pressure sensitive adhesive layer being greater than the size of the largest conductive particle when the largest conductive particle is measured in the z direction.

Abstract: A force sensing membrane comprises (a) a first conductor that is movable toward a second conductor; (b) a second conductor; and (c) a composite material disposed between the first and second conductors for electrically connecting the first and second conductors under application of sufficient pressure therebetween; and (d) means for measuring dynamic electrical response across the force sensing membrane, the composite material comprising conductive particles at least partially embedded in an elastomeric layer, the conductive particles having no relative orientation and being disposed so that substantially all electrical connections made between the first and second conductors are in the z direction, and the elastomeric layer being capable of returning to substantially its original dimensions on release of pressure.

Abstract: An interdigital electronic device comprises a conductor, an interdigital electrode, and a composite material disposed between the conductor and the interdigital electrode for electrically connecting the conductor and the interdigital electrode under application of sufficient pressure therebetween. The composite material comprises conductive particles at least partially embedded in an electrically insulating layer. The conductive particles have no relative orientation and are disposed so that substantially all electrical connections made between the conductor and the interdigital electrode are in the z direction. At least one of the conductor and the interdigital electrode is movable toward the other.

Abstract: An adhesive membrane comprises (a) a conductor; (b) a composite material comprising conductive particles at least partially embedded in an electrically insulating layer disposed on the conductor; and (c) a pressure sensitive adhesive layer disposed on the composite material, the conductive particles being capable of electrically connecting the conductor to a second conductor under application of sufficient pressure therebetween, the conductive particles having no relative orientation and being disposed so that substantially all electrical connections made between the conductor and a second conductor will be in the z direction, and the combined thickness of the electrically insulating layer and the pressure sensitive adhesive layer being greater than the size of the largest conductive particle when the largest conductive particle is measured in the z direction.

Abstract: A force sensing membrane comprises (a) a first conductor that is movable toward a second conductor; (b) a second conductor; and (c) a composite material disposed between the first and second conductors for electrically connecting the first and second conductors under application of sufficient pressure therebetween; and (d) means for measuring dynamic electrical response across the force sensing membrane, the composite material comprising conductive particles at least partially embedded in an elastomeric layer, the conductive particles having no relative orientation and being disposed so that substantially all electrical connections made between the first and second conductors are in the z direction, and the elastomeric layer being capable of returning to substantially its original dimensions on release of pressure.

Abstract: An electronic assembly comprising a first electronic element, a second electronic element, and a durably flexible bond therebetween. The bond comprises an anisotropic conductive adhesive that includes elongated electrically conductive particles. The bond provides at least one electrical pathway between the first electronic element and the second electronic element through an elongated contact region. This bond is functionally maintained for at least about 200 flexes.

Abstract: Provided is a dispenser for dispensing particles onto a surface comprising a hopper for receiving particles, wherein the hopper has an opening at its bottom, a screen having openings and located adjacent the opening of the hopper, wherein the screen openings are uniformly sized and spaced and are sufficiently large to let the largest particles pass through during dispensing yet sufficiently small to hold the particles back when the dispenser is not operating, and means, located outside of the hopper, for moving particles from the hopper through the screen, and onto the surface. Also provided is a method of making a web with embedded particles comprising the sequential steps of making the web receptive to the particles by heating, eliminating static charges present on the web, dispensing the particles onto the web, dispersing the particles to minimize particle clumping in the web, and embedding the dispensed particles in the web.

Abstract: The present invention provides a switchable pressure activated electronic device. The switchable electronic device includes a composite material disposed between two conductors. The composite material electrically connects the two conductors when pressure is applied between them, and electrically isolates the two conductors when pressure is not applied between them. The composite includes conductive particles at least partially embedded in an insulating material. The conductive particles are disposed so that substantially all electrical connections made between the first and second conductors are through single particles.

Abstract: An electronic assembly comprising a first electronic element, a second electronic element, and a durably flexible bond therebetween. The bond comprises an anisotropic conductive adhesive that includes elongated electrically conductive particles. The bond provides at least one electrical pathway between the first electronic element and the second electronic element through an elongated contact region. This bond is functionally maintained for at least about 200 flexes.