Abstract: This invention presents a series of polyfunctional polymers useful as deinking agents. The polymers, which generally have molecular weights in the 2,000-100,000 range, can be used to effectively separate and remove ink in a variety of deinking processes, including flotation, wash, and mechanical, resulting in fibers of superior brightness.

Abstract: Stable, silicate-free, soft metal safe, alkaline cleaners are provided. The cleaners comprise calcium ions and surfactants containing hydroxyl and/or carboxylic acid groups or a combination thereof, wherein the total of the two functionalities in each surfactant is greater than or equal to 2, and alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acids. It has been surprisingly discovered that alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, are capable of keeping calcium ions in an alkali solution. The cleaners may also comprise nonionic surfactants to provide wetting, detergency, and foamability where required, anionic surfactants as viscosity enhancers in the case of high retention cleaners, and solvents such as alcohols, glycol ethers, or hydrotropes to enhance solubility of the system. The alkaline cleaners are safe to use on soft metal surfaces and equipment commonly found in many industries, without the presence of silicate which is normally used as a corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: This invention presents a series of polyfunctional polymers useful as deinking agents. The polymers, which generally have molecular weights in the 2,000-100,000 range, can be used to effectively separate and remove ink in a variety of deinking processes, including flotation, wash, and mechanical, resulting in fibers of superior brightness.

Abstract: Non-chlorinated, low alkalinity, high retention liquid hard surface cleaner concentrate and use solutions containing an amine oxide surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a hydrophobically modified polymer surfactant, a thinner, and alkali are provided, which form viscous solutions upon dilution and which in cleaning operations, are capable of producing gel-like foams. The composition synergistically exhibits exceptional cleaning performance without the need of chlorine or high levels of caustic.

Abstract: Vinyl monomers are polymerized in high yield to water-soluble polymers or copolymers by free radical polymerization of an aqueous reaction mixture containing the vinyl monomer(s), an UV-activated photoinitiator and a heat-activated chemical initiator. The polymerization is initially carried out by exposing the monomer mixture to UV radiation to activate the photoinitiator and then is carried out under the influence of free radicals produced by the chemical initiator.

Abstract: The water dispersibility of water-soluble vinyl polymers, for example, polyacrylamides, is improved by incorporating a suitable surfactant in the monomer mixture from which the polymer is formed. The polymerization is effected by an initial phase of ultraviolet radiation-induced free radical polymerization until the monomer mix achieves the temperature at which chemically-induced free radical polymerization commences and then a terminal phase of chemically-induced free radical polymerization.