Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to, inter alia, to nucleic acid constructs encoding a modified enterovirus genome that is devoid of partial or complete nucleic acid sequences encoding viral structural proteins. The disclosure also provides compositions and methods useful for producing defective interfering particles (DIPs) of enteroviruses, and for the prevention and/or treatment of various health conditions such as immune diseases and viral infections.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides materials and methods for treating or preventing an infection from a virus such as an RNA virus, inhibiting replication of a vims in a cell, inhibiting translation of viral proteins in a cell infected with a virus, inhibiting prolyl hydroxylation in a cell infected with a vims, preventing or inhibiting viral-induced remodeling of a polysome in a cell, and identifying a polysome-associated protein in a cell infected by a virus.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant bicistronic flaviviruses, particularly live attenuated recombinant bicistronic flavivirus, which comprise, in order from 5? to 3?, a viral 5?UTR, an ORF encoding all viral proteins, an internal ribosome entry site, an exogenous nucleotide sequence that encodes an exogenous polypeptide, and a viral 3?UTR. Infection of a host cell with a recombinant flavivirus provides for expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in a host cell. Such recombinant flavivirus are useful for delivering a protein to a mammalian host; and for eliciting an immune response to the exogenous polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant bicistronic flaviviruses, particularly live attenuated recombinant bicistronic flavivirus, which comprise, in order from 5? to 3?, a viral 5?UTR, an ORF encoding all viral proteins, an internal ribosome entry site, an exogenous nucleotide sequence that encodes an exogenous polypeptide, and a viral 3?UTR. Infection of a host cell with a recombinant flavivirus provides for expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in a host cell. Such recombinant flavivirus are useful for delivering a protein to a mammalian host; and for eliciting an immune response to the exogenous polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant bicistronic flaviviruses, particularly live attenuated recombinant bicistronic flavivirus, which comprise, in order from 5? to 3?, a viral 5?UTR, an ORF encoding all viral proteins, an internal ribosome entry site, an exogenous nucleotide sequence that encodes an exogenous polypeptide, and a viral 3?UTR. Infection of a host cell with a recombinant flavivirus provides for expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in a host cell. Such recombinant flavivirus are useful for delivering a protein to a mammalian host; and for eliciting an immune response to the exogenous polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating an RNA viral infection, generally involving administering an agent that reduces the activity of a host cell protein required for maturation of a viral protein, where the emergence of variant virus resistant to the agent is reduced. The present invention further provides combination therapies for viral infection, involving administration of two or more agents that reduce the activity of a host cell protein required for maturation of a viral protein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a live, attenuated, invasive bacterium that infects a mammalian host cell, and releases exogenous RNA into the cytoplasm of the host cell. The present invention further provides compositions, including immunogenic compositions, comprising a subject bacterium. The present invention provides methods of delivering an RNA to a eukaryotic host cell in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo. The present invention provides methods of delivering a protein to a host cell in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo. The present invention provides methods of controlling expression of a target gene in a eukaryotic host cell. The present invention provides methods of inducing an immune response in a mammalian host to a polypeptide antigen, the method involving administering to the host a subject bacterium, wherein the antigen is encoded by the exogenous RNA produced by the bacterium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a live, attenuated, invasive bacterium that infects a mammalian host cell, and releases exogenous RNA into the cytoplasm of the host cell. The present invention further provides compositions, including immunogenic compositions, comprising a subject bacterium. The present invention provides methods of delivering an RNA to a eukaryotic host cell in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo. The present invention provides methods of delivering a protein to a host cell in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo. The present invention provides methods of controlling expression of a target gene in a eukaryotic host cell. The present invention provides methods of inducing an immune response in a mammalian host to a polypeptide antigen, the method involving administering to the host a subject bacterium, wherein the antigen is encoded by the exogenous RNA produced by the bacterium.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant yellow fever viruses (YFV), particularly live attenuated recombinant YFV, which comprise exogenous (i.e., non-YFV) nucleotide sequences which encode exogenous (i.e., non-YFV) amino acid sequences. These recombinant YFV viruses comprise an exogenous nucleic acid. Infection of a host cell with a recombinant YFV provides for expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in a host cell and production of an antigenic polypeptide encoded by the exogenous nucleic acid. Such recombinant YFV are useful in eliciting an immune response to the exogenous polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant bicistronic flaviviruses, particularly live attenuated recombinant bicistronic flavivirus, which comprise, in order from 5′ to 3′, a viral 5′UTR, an ORF encoding all viral proteins, an internal ribosome entry site, an exogenous nucleotide sequence that encodes an exogenous polypeptide, and a viral 3′UTR. Infection of a host cell with a recombinant flavivirus provides for expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in a host cell. Such recombinant flavivirus are useful for delivering a protein to a mammalian host; and for eliciting an immune response to the exogenous polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant yellow fever viruses (YFV), particularly live attenuated recombinant YFV, which comprise exogenous ( i.e., non-YFV) nucleotide sequences which encode exogenous (i.e., non-YFV) amino acid sequences. These recombinant YFV viruses comprise an exogenous nucleic acid. Infection of a host cell with a recombinant YFV provides for expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in a host cell and production of an antigenic polypeptide encoded by the exogenous nucleic acid. Such recombinant YFV are useful in eliciting an immune response to the exogenous polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant yellow fever viruses (YFV), particularly live attenuated recombinant YFV, which comprise exogenous (i.e., non-YFV) nucleotide sequences which encode exogenous (i.e., non-YFV) amino acid sequences. These recombinant YFV viruses comprise an exogenous nucleic acid. Infection of a host cell with a recombinant YFV provides for expression of the exogenous nucleic acid in a host cell and production of an antigenic polypeptide encoded by the exogenous nucleic acid. Such recombinant YFV are useful in eliciting an immune response to the exogenous polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a population of live attenuated recombinant replication-competent viruses, which population comprises at least two member viruses, each of the member viruses comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a different antigenic polypeptide from a source other than a parent virus from which the recombinant virus was derived. When a eukaryotic cell of a mammalian host is infected with a member of the population, the nucleotide sequence is expressed, the antigenic polypeptide is produced, and elicits an immune response. The invention further provides compositions, including immunogenic compositions, comprising a subject virus population. The invention further provides methods of eliciting an immune response to a polypeptide in an individual, involving administering a subject virus population. The invention further provides devices for use in eliciting an immune response.