Abstract: An operating method of a first device communicating with a second device in a wireless local area network (WLAN), includes: receiving, from the second device, a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) including a payload that includes a trigger frame; preparing an uplink beamforming matrix based on a value of an uplink beamforming-related first sub-field included in a preamble of the PPDU; beamforming, according to the uplink beamforming matrix, the PPDU; and transmitting the beamformed PPDU to the second device based on a value of an uplink beamforming-related second sub-field included in the trigger frame.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments pertain to a first STA may broadcast a first Null Data Packet Announcement (NDPA) frame with an indication of one or more second STAs being polled. Subsequent to the first NDPA frame, a Null Data Packet (NDP) frame may be broadcast from a plurality of antennas on the first STA and one or more corresponding first Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) frames may be received in response. Each corresponding first FTM frame may be received from a distinct corresponding second STA and may comprise corresponding ranging measurements between the first STA and the corresponding second STA as determined by the corresponding second STA based on the NDP frame. In some embodiments, the one or more corresponding first FTM frames may be: received in response to a previously broadcast trigger frame, and encoded using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access. The trigger frame may be broadcast subsequent to the NDP frame.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments pertain to a first STA may broadcast a first Null Data Packet Announcement (NDPA) frame with an indication of one or more second STAs being polled. Subsequent to the first NDPA frame, a Null Data Packet (NDP) frame may be broadcast from a plurality of antennas on the first STA and one or more corresponding first Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) frames may be received in response. Each corresponding first FTM frame may be received from a distinct corresponding second STA and may comprise corresponding ranging measurements between the first STA and the corresponding second STA as determined by the corresponding second STA based on the NDP frame. In some embodiments, the one or more corresponding first FTM frames may be: received in response to a previously broadcast trigger frame, and encoded using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access. The trigger frame may be broadcast subsequent to the NDP frame.