Abstract: Disclosed is distributed routing and load balancing in a dynamic service chain, receiving a packet at a first service instance, including a NSH imposed on the by a service classifier. The NSH includes a stream affinity code consistent for packets in a stream. The method also includes processing the packet at the first instance where the instance performs a first service in a service chain that includes second and third services. The first service instance accesses a flow table using the stream affinity code to select a second service instance performing the second service from among service instances performing the second service, and the first instance routes the packet to the selected second service instance upon egress from the first service instance. The method can include hashing the stream affinity code to access the flow table and access an available instance using the hash as a key to a CHT.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is described to monitor and control enterprise information stored on a cloud computing service (CCS). The method includes using a cross-application monitor to detect a cloud computing service (CCS) application programming interface (API) in use and a function or an activity being performed via the CCS API. The method also includes determining the function or the activity being performed via the CCS API by parsing a data stream based on the CCS API and identifying content being transmitted to the CCS. The method further includes applying a content inspection rule to find strings and interrelated strings in the content that are subject to content control and triggering a security action responsive to finding the strings and interrelated strings subject to content control in the parsed stream.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to accessing a hosted service on a client device. In particular, the technology disclosed relates to receiving, on a client device of an entity's user, from a network security system, a forwarding rule for modifying requests for accessing a hosted service, receiving on the client device a request for accessing the hosted service, using the forwarding rule to modify the request for accessing the hosted service and generating a modified request for accessing the hosted service, and receiving on the client device a response from the network security system.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to a proxy receiving a request to manipulate a data object on an independent object store. The proxy is interposed between a user system from which the request originates and the independent object store. The technology disclosed further relates to the proxy accessing a metadata store that contains object metadata for the data object and retrieving the object metadata. The technology disclosed further relates to the proxy enforcing a policy on the request based on the object metadata. Enforcing the policy further includes enforcing malware detection policies and threat detection policies.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is described to monitor and control enterprise information stored on a cloud computing service (CCS). The method includes using a cross-application monitor to detect a cloud computing service (CCS) application programming interface (API) in use and a function or an activity being performed via the CCS API. The method also includes determining the function or the activity being performed via the CCS API by parsing a data stream based on the CCS API and identifying content being transmitted to the CCS. The method further includes applying a content inspection rule to find strings and interrelated strings in the content that are subject to content control and triggering a security action responsive to finding the strings and interrelated strings subject to content control in the parsed stream.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to accessing a hosted service on a client device. In particular, the technology disclosed relates to receiving, on a client device of an entity's user, from a network security system, a forwarding rule for modifying requests for accessing a hosted service, receiving on the client device a request for accessing the hosted service, using the forwarding rule to modify the request for accessing the hosted service and generating a modified request for accessing the hosted service, and receiving on the client device a response from the network security system.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to a proxy receiving a request to manipulate a data object on an independent object store. The proxy is interposed between a user system from which the request originates and the independent object store. The technology disclosed further relates to the proxy accessing a metadata store that contains object metadata for the data object and retrieving the object metadata. The technology disclosed further relates to the proxy enforcing a policy on the request based on the object metadata. Enforcing the policy further includes enforcing malware detection policies and threat detection policies.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to reducing error in security enforcement by a network security system (abbreviated NSS). The NSS classifies incoming connection access requests as loss prevention inspectable or connection preserving by determining their conformance or non-conformance with semantic and content requirements of HTTP and HTTPs protocols. The NSS forwards the loss prevention inspectable connection access requests to a data inspection and loss prevention appliance (abbreviated DILPA) for deep inspection. The NSS directly sends the connection preserving connection access requests to the destination servers, preventing connection termination and error generation.

Abstract: Disclosed is distributed routing and load balancing in a dynamic service chain, receiving a packet at a first service instance, including a NSH imposed on the by a service classifier. The NSH includes a stream affinity code consistent for packets in a stream. The method also includes processing the packet at the first instance where the instance performs a first service in a service chain that includes second and third services. The first service instance accesses a flow table using the stream affinity code to select a second service instance performing the second service from among service instances performing the second service, and the first instance routes the packet to the selected second service instance upon egress from the first service instance. The method can include hashing the stream affinity code to access the flow table and access an available instance using the hash as a key to a CHT.

Abstract: Disclosed is distributed routing and load balancing in a dynamic service chain, receiving a packet at a first service instance, including a NSH imposed on the by a service classifier. The NSH includes a stream affinity code consistent for packets in a stream. The method also includes processing the packet at the first instance where the instance performs a first service in a service chain that includes second and third services. The first service instance accesses a flow table using the stream affinity code to select a second service instance performing the second service from among service instances performing the second service, and the first instance routes the packet to the selected second service instance upon egress from the first service instance. The method can include hashing the stream affinity code to access the flow table and access an available instance using the hash as a key to a CHT.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to reducing error in security enforcement by a network security system (abbreviated NSS). The NSS classifies incoming connection access requests as loss prevention inspectable or connection preserving by determining their conformance or non-conformance with semantic and content requirements of HTTP and HTTPs protocols. The NSS forwards the loss prevention inspectable connection access requests to a data inspection and loss prevention appliance (abbreviated DILPA) for deep inspection. The NSS directly sends the connection preserving connection access requests to the destination servers, preventing connection termination and error generation.

Abstract: The technology relates to machine responses to anomalies detected using machine learning based anomaly detection. In particular, to receiving evaluations of production events, prepared using activity models constructed on per-tenant and per-user basis using an online streaming machine learner that transforms an unsupervised learning problem into a supervised learning problem by fixing a target label and learning a regressor without a constant or intercept. Further, to responding to detected anomalies in near real-time streams of security-related events of tenants, the anomalies detected by transforming the events in categorized features and requiring a loss function analyzer to correlate, essentially through an origin, the categorized features with a target feature artificially labeled as a constant.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to a network security system (NSS) that reduces latency in security enforcement. The NSS comprises a deployer. The deployer periodically updates performance bypass lists deployed to endpoint routing clients running on devices. The performance bypass lists identify exempt connection identifiers that are not subject to routing through a traffic inspection proxy (abbreviated TIP) and being used by the endpoint routing clients to classify incoming connection access requests as non-exempt or exempt. The TIP, in dependence upon the performance bypass list-based classification by the endpoint routing clients, inspects non-exempt incoming connection access requests and applies a policy, and remains agnostic to exempt incoming connection access requests.

Abstract: The technology relates to machine responses to anomalies detected using machine learning based anomaly detection. In particular, to receiving evaluations of production events, prepared using activity models constructed on per-tenant and per-user basis using an online streaming machine learner that transforms an unsupervised learning problem into a supervised learning problem by fixing a target label and learning a regressor without a constant or intercept. Further, to responding to detected anomalies in near real-time streams of security-related events of tenants, the anomalies detected by transforming the events in categorized features and requiring a loss function analyzer to correlate, essentially through an origin, the categorized features with a target feature artificially labeled as a constant.

Abstract: The technology disclosed teaches protecting sensitive data in the cloud via indexable databases. The method includes identifying sensitive fields of metadata for encryption and for hashing. The method also includes hashing at least partial values in the indexable sensitive fields to non-reversible hash values, concatenating the non-reversible hash values with the metadata for the network events, and encrypting the sensitive fields of metadata. Also included is sending the metadata for the network events, with the non-reversible hash values and the encrypted sensitive fields, to a remote database server that does not have a decryption key for the encrypted sensitive fields and that indexes the non-reversible hash values for indexed retrieval against the indexable sensitive fields.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to failure recovery in cloud-based services. In particular, the technology disclosed relates to a service instance BA that identifies a service instance BB as having a secondary role for packets carrying a stream affinity code which is specified in a service map distributed to service instances. Service instance BA state information is synchronized with the service instance BB after processing a first packet. After failure of the service instance BA, a service instance AA receives an updated service map, and prepares to forward to the service instance BA a second packet. The second packet includes a same stream affinity code as the first packet forwarded before the failure. The updated service map is used to determine that the service instance BB is available and servicing the same stream affinity code as the service instance BA. The second packet is forwarded to the service instance BB.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to detecting a ransomware attack on a cloud-based file storage system. The detecting includes collecting metadata on files at they are manipulated, storing the collected metadata as historical metadata, detecting multiple artifacts of the ransomware attack resulting from ransomware manipulation of the files by (i) comparing at least one of the extension, the magic number and the size included in the historical metadata to at least one of the extension, the magic number and the size included in current metadata of the files to identify a volume of changes in the files, and (ii) detecting that the identified volume of changes exceeds a change volume to determine that the ransomware attack is in progress, and identifying a user/machine that manipulated the files and responding to the determination that the ransomware attack is in progress by restricting further manipulation of other files by the identified user/machine.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to detecting a data attack on a file system stored on an independent data store. The detecting includes scanning a list to identify files of the independent data store that have been updated within a timeframe, assembling current metadata for files identified by the scanning, obtaining historical metadata of the files, determining that a malicious activity is in process by analyzing the current metadata of the files and the historical metadata to identify a pattern of changes that exceeds a predetermined change velocity. Further, the detecting includes determining that the malicious activity is in process by analyzing the current metadata of the files and known patterns of malicious metadata to identify a match between the current metadata and the known patterns of malicious metadata, determining a machine/user that initiated the malicious activity, and implementing a response mechanism that restricts file modifications by the determined machine/user.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to accessing a hosted service on a client device. In particular, the technology disclosed relates to receiving, on a client device of an entity's user, from a network security system, a forwarding rule for modifying requests for accessing a hosted service, receiving on the client device a request for accessing the hosted service, using the forwarding rule to modify the request for accessing the hosted service and generating a modified request for accessing the hosted service, and receiving on the client device a response from the network security system.

Abstract: The technology disclosed relates to detecting a data attack on a local file system. The detecting includes scanning a list to identify files of the local file system that have been updated within a timeframe, reading payloads of files identified by the scanning, calculating current content properties from the payload of the files, obtaining historical content properties of the files, determining that a malicious activity is in process by analyzing the current content properties and the historical content properties to identify a pattern of changes that exceeds a predetermined change velocity. Further, the detecting includes determining that the malicious activity is in process by analyzing the current content properties and known patterns of malicious metadata to identify a match between the current metadata and the known patterns of malicious metadata, determining a machine/user that initiated the malicious activity, and implementing a response mechanism that restricts file modifications by the machine/user.