Abstract: Systems and methods for generating random bits by using physical variations present in material samples are provided. Initial random bit streams are derived from measured material properties for the material samples. In some cases, secondary random bit streams are generated by applying a randomness extraction algorithm to the derived initial random bit streams.

Abstract: Techniques are presented for detecting a visual marker. A first image containing the visual marker may be captured at a first time under a first lighting condition. A first image-based detection for the visual marker may be performed based on the first image, using a first detector, to produce a first set of results. A second image containing the visual marker may be captured at a second time under a second lighting condition different from the first lighting condition. Based on the first set of results, a second image-based detection for the visual marker may be performed based on the second image, using a second detector different from the first detector, to produce a second set of results.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to a system. In some aspects, the system may include an emitter configured to emit a light. The system may include a light guide configured to direct the light toward a pupil of an eye. The light guide may include a directing portion configured to propagate the light. The light guide may include a turning portion configured to receive light from the directing portion and direct the light toward the pupil of the eye and configured to receive reflected light directed from the pupil of the eye and direct the reflected light toward the directing portion. The system may include a receiver configured to receive the reflected light from the light guide. The system may include a processor configured to determine a gaze direction of the pupil of the eye based at least in part on the reflected light received by the receiver.

Abstract: Methods for recognizing or identifying tooth types using digital 3D models of teeth. The methods include receiving a segmented digital 3D model of teeth and selecting a digital 3D model of a tooth from the segmented digital 3D model. An aggregation of the plurality of distinct features of the tooth is computed to generate a single feature describing the digital 3D model of the tooth. A type of the tooth is identified based upon the aggregation, which can include comparing the aggregation with features corresponding with known tooth types. The methods also include identifying a type of tooth, without segmenting it from an arch, based upon tooth widths and a location of the tooth within the arch.

Abstract: A connected oven, including a set of in-cavity sensors and a processor configured to automatically identify foodstuff within the cooking cavity, based on the sensor measurements; and automatically operate the heating element based on the foodstuff identity.

Abstract: Methods for recognizing or identifying tooth types using digital 3D models of teeth. The methods include receiving a segmented digital 3D model of teeth and selecting a digital 3D model of a tooth from the segmented digital 3D model. An aggregation of the plurality of distinct features of the tooth is computed to generate a single feature describing the digital 3D model of the tooth. A type of the tooth is identified based upon the aggregation, which can include comparing the aggregation with features corresponding with known tooth types. The methods also include identifying a type of tooth, without segmenting it from an arch, based upon tooth widths and a location of the tooth within the arch.

Abstract: A connected oven, including a set of in-cavity sensors and a processor configured to automatically identify foodstuff within the cooking cavity, based on the sensor measurements; and automatically operate the heating element based on the foodstuff identity.

Abstract: A non-parametric computer implemented system and method for creating a two dimensional interpretation of a three dimensional biometric representation. The method comprises: obtaining with a camera a three dimensional (3D) representation of a biological feature; determining a region of interest in the 3D representation; selecting an invariant property for the 3D region of interest; identifying a plurality of minutiae in the 3D representation; mapping a nodal mesh to the plurality of minutiae; projecting the nodal mesh of the 3D representation onto a 2D plane; and mapping the plurality of minutiae onto the 2D representation of the nodal mesh. The 2D representation of the plurality of minutiae has a property corresponding to the invariant property in the 3D representation; and the value of the corresponding property in the 2D projection matches the invariant property in the 3D representation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for authenticating material samples are provided. Characteristic features are measured for a batch of material samples that comprise substantially the same composition and are produced by substantially the same process. The measured characteristic features have respective variability that is analyzed to extract statistical parameters. In some cases, reference ranges are determined based on the extracted statistical parameters for the batch of material samples. The corresponding statistical parameters of a test material sample are compared to the reference ranges to verify whether the test material sample is authentic.

Abstract: Methods for estimating and predicting tooth wear based upon a single 3D digital model of teeth. The 3D digital model is segmented to identify individual teeth within the model. A digital model of a tooth is selected from the segmented model, and its original shape is predicted. The digital model is compared with the predicted original shape to estimate wear areas. A mapping function based upon values relating to tooth wear can also be applied to the selected digital model to predict wear of the tooth.

Abstract: Methods for estimating and predicting tooth wear based upon a single 3D digital model of teeth. The 3D digital model is segmented to identify individual teeth within the model. A digital model of a tooth is selected from the segmented model, and its original shape is predicted. The digital model is compared with the predicted original shape to estimate wear areas. A mapping function based upon values relating to tooth wear can also be applied to the selected digital model to predict wear of the tooth.

Abstract: A connected oven, including a set of in-cavity sensors and a processor configured to automatically identify foodstuff within the cooking cavity, based on the sensor measurements; and automatically operate the heating element based on the foodstuff identity.

Abstract: A method for detecting tooth wear using digital 3D models of teeth taken at different times. The digital 3D models of teeth are segmented to identify individual teeth within the digital 3D model. The segmentation includes performing a first segmentation method that over segments at least some of the teeth within the model and a second segmentation method that classifies points within the model as being either on an interior of a tooth or on a boundary between teeth. The results of the first and second segmentation methods are combined to generate segmented digital 3D models. The segmented digital 3D models of teeth are compared to detect tooth wear by determining differences between the segmented models, where the differences relate to the same tooth to detect wear on the tooth over time.

Abstract: Methods for recognizing or identifying tooth types using digital 3D models of teeth. The methods include receiving a segmented digital 3D model of teeth and selecting a digital 3D model of a tooth from the segmented digital 3D model. An aggregation of the plurality of distinct features of the tooth is computed to generate a single feature describing the digital 3D model of the tooth. A type of the tooth is identified based upon the aggregation, which can include comparing the aggregation with features corresponding with known tooth types. The methods also include identifying a type of tooth, without segmenting it from an arch, based upon tooth widths and a location of the tooth within the arch.

Abstract: A connected oven, including a set of in-cavity sensors and a processor configured to automatically identify foodstuff within the cooking cavity, based on the sensor measurements; and automatically operate the heating element based on the foodstuff identity.

Abstract: A method for detecting tooth wear using digital 3D models of teeth taken at different times. The digital 3D models of teeth are segmented to identify individual teeth within the digital 3D model. The segmentation includes performing a first segmentation method that over segments at least some of the teeth within the model and a second segmentation method that classifies points within the model as being either on an interior of a tooth or on a boundary between teeth. The results of the first and second segmentation methods are combined to generate segmented digital 3D models. The segmented digital 3D models of teeth are compared to detect tooth wear by determining differences between the segmented models, where the differences relate to the same tooth to detect wear on the tooth over time.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for creating and manipulating software notes representative of physical notes. For example, techniques are described for recognizing physical notes present within a physical environment, capturing information therefrom and creating corresponding digital representations of the physical notes, referred to herein as digital notes or software-based notes. At least some aspects of the present disclosure feature system and methods for note recognition using color classification. The system receives a visual representation of a scene having one or more notes, where each note has a color. The system generates indicators indicative of color classes of pixels in the visual representation. The system further determines a general boundary of one of the notes based on the indicators.

Abstract: Techniques for creating and manipulating software notes representative of physical notes are described. A computing device includes a processor, an image collection module executable by the processor and configured to receive an input image of an environment having a plurality of overlapping physical notes, and an image processing engine executable by the processor and configured to process the input image with the computing device to identify the plurality of overlapping physical notes in the input image. The image processing engine determines a boundary of each note in the plurality of overlapping physical notes in the input image, and generates a plurality of digital notes corresponding to the determined boundary of each of the overlapping physical notes identified in the input image.

Abstract: A connected oven, including a set of in-cavity sensors and a processor configured to automatically identify foodstuff within the cooking cavity, based on the sensor measurements; and automatically operate the heating element based on the foodstuff identity.

Abstract: A connected oven, including a set of in-cavity sensors and a processor configured to automatically identify foodstuff within the cooking cavity, based on the sensor measurements; and automatically operate the heating element based on the foodstuff identity.