Abstract: A joist assembly having a top chord with a slot formed therein, a bottom chord with a slot formed therein, and a tubular member of serpentine configuration having an upper portion received within the slot of the top chord and a lower portion received within the slot of the bottom chord. The tubular member extends between the chords so as to maintain the chords in parallel spaced relationship. The chords are formed of a length of cold roll-formed steel. The tubular member is of a single length of square tubular steel.

Abstract: A method of forming a joist assembly including the steps of forming a top chord, forming a bottom chord, bending a tubular member into a serpentine configuration, positioning an upper bent portion of the tubular member into the top chord, positioning a lower bent portion of the tubular member into the bottom chord, and welding the tubular member to the top chord and to the bottom chord. The top and bottom chords are cold formed of a single length of generally rectangular tubular material.

Abstract: A clip connector having a base and a clip, the base including a washer/spacer to prevent the base from clamping upon the clip to allow free movement of the clip in the base. The washer has a bore having a flared portion to collect shavings generated by a self-drilling screw. The clip connector includes a clip, or use with a roof, having a series of regularly spaced holes to allow sealant to pass therethrough. The clip further preferably has a rounded head which nests snugly with associated panels and includes a fastener extending through the foot of the clip to retain the foot in the desired position. In this manner, the overlapping portions of the foot remain pressed together, thereby facilitating the sliding of the clip within the base. The clip preferably includes a shelf to support panels during connection of the panels to the clip of the present invention.