Abstract: A tow apparatus includes a front bumper, a housing rigidly attached to the front bumper, and a tow hook slidable in the housing. The housing and the tow hook define a closed chamber, and the closed chamber is filled with a compressible fluid. Sliding the tow hook in the housing in a direction that decreases the volume of the closed chamber compresses the compressible fluid.

Abstract: A tow apparatus includes a front bumper, a housing rigidly attached to the front bumper, and a tow hook slidable in the housing. The housing and the tow hook define a closed chamber, and the closed chamber is filled with a compressible fluid. Sliding the tow hook in the housing in a direction that decreases the volume of the closed chamber compresses the compressible fluid.

Abstract: An exemplary towing assembly includes, among other things, a bracket having laterally spaced channels, and a tow loop having laterally spaced arms. Each of the arms is configured to slide within a respective one of the channels from a deployed to a retracted position in response to a load applied to the tow loop. An exemplary method of positioning a tow loop includes, among other things, in response to a load applied to a tow loop, moving the tow loop from a deployed position to a retracted position within a bracket. The method further includes biasing the tow loop away from the retracted position toward a deployed position.

Abstract: An exemplary towing assembly includes, among other things, a bracket having laterally spaced channels, and a tow loop having laterally spaced arms. Each of the arms is configured to slide within a respective one of the channels from a deployed to a retracted position in response to a load applied to the tow loop. An exemplary method of positioning a tow loop includes, among other things, in response to a load applied to a tow loop, moving the tow loop from a deployed position to a retracted position within a bracket. The method further includes biasing the tow loop away from the retracted position toward a deployed position.

Abstract: An energy-absorbing device includes a beam having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of lobes attached to and positioned sequentially along the beam. The lobes are spaced from each other, deformable relative to the beam, and configured to contact adjacent lobes when deformed. The size and spacing of the lobes is such that if a single lobe is deformed, the lobe will not contact adjacent lobes, but if adjacent lobes are deformed, the lobes will contact each other.

Abstract: An energy-absorbing device includes a beam having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of lobes attached to and positioned sequentially along the beam. The lobes are spaced from each other, deformable relative to the beam, and configured to contact adjacent lobes when deformed. The size and spacing of the lobes is such that if a single lobe is deformed, the lobe will not contact adjacent lobes, but if adjacent lobes are deformed, the lobes will contact each other.

Abstract: A vehicle assembly includes a front end module, an upper panel, and a fender covering the upper panel. The vehicle assembly also includes a housing, mounted to the front end module, having a first contour, and a bracket, having a second contour complementary with the first contour, attached with the housing. The bracket generally maintains a position of the headlamp assembly relative to the upper panel during a RCAR Low Speed Structural Crash Test Protocol (Issue 2.2).

Abstract: A vehicle assembly includes a front end module, an upper panel, and a fender covering the upper panel. The vehicle assembly also includes a housing, mounted to the front end module, having a first contour, and a bracket, having a second contour complementary with the first contour, attached with the housing. The bracket generally maintains a position of the headlamp assembly relative to the upper panel during a RCAR Low Speed Structural Crash Test Protocol (Issue 2.2).