Abstract: A system and process for carrying out one or more chemical reactions are provided and include one or more chemical reactors having particulate solids forming a bed therein, and a gas stripping zone forming a non-mechanical seal between said reactors which includes a conduit connecting the reactors. The conduit includes an inlet for a stripping gas which is adapted to prevent process gas from passing between reactors while permitting particulate solids to pass between reactors.

Abstract: A system and process for carrying out one or more chemical reactions are provided and include one or more chemical reactors having particulate solids forming a bed therein, and a gas stripping zone forming a non-mechanical seal between said reactors which includes a conduit connecting the reactors. The conduit includes an inlet for a stripping gas which is adapted to prevent process gas from passing between reactors while permitting particulate solids to pass between reactors.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sparger for injecting a gas-containing feed into a fluidized-bed, wherein the diffuser pipe is angled at least about 12.5° from vertical for gas velocities exiting the diffusers pipe at v less than 45.7 m/sec, and at least about 12.5° exp [0.00131 v] from vertical for gas velocities exiting the diffuser pipe at v equal to or greater than 45.7 m/sec.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sparger for injecting a gas-containing feed into a fluidized-bed, wherein the diffuser pipe is angled at least about 12.5° from vertical for gas velocities exiting the diffusers pipe at v less than 45.7 m/sec, and at least about 12.5° exp [0.00131 v] from vertical for gas velocities exiting the diffuser pipe at v equal to or greater than 45.7 m/sec.

Abstract: A process of preparing a vinyl aromatic compound, such as styrene. The process involves fluidizing a dehydrogenation catalyst in a single shell fluidized bed reactor containing a reaction zone and a regeneration zone; contacting an alkyl aromatic compound, such as ethylbenzene, with the dehydrogenation catalyst in the dehydrogenation zone so as to produce the vinyl aromatic compound, such as styrene; and regenerating the catalyst in situ by contacting seam with the deactivated catalyst in the regeneration zone. A fluidized bed reactor is described, characterized by a freeboard zone, a reaction zone, and a catalyst regeneration zone, all within a single shell.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for simultaneously determining particle concentration and velocity in multi-phase streams. These determinations may be made by use of a fiber optic probe that establishes an illuminated sensing zone of finite dimensions. The probe collects light backscattered from the zone at discrete points in time. The collected light is converted to a voltage waveform. By taking the mean of the voltage values, concentration can be determined, and, by taking a derivative of the voltage waveform, the velocity can be determined.

Abstract: A plurality of groups of mandrels are arranged for movement successively through a plurality of workstations with each group being worked on at a station while other groups are being worked on simultaneously at other stations to produce continuously automatically groups of retractile cords. Cordage is fed from a supply into clamping engagement with each of the mandrels in the group in a cord-loading position and then wound helically in a plurality of spaced-apart convolutions on each of the mandrels of that group after which the wound cords are severed from the cordage supplies. The wound cords are advanced incrementally through a heating zone, wherein the cords are exposed to radiant heating supplemented by preheating of the mandrels, while cordage is being wound on the next successive groups of mandrels.

Abstract: A plurality of groups of mandrels are arranged for movement successively through a plurality of workstations with each group being worked on at a station while other groups are being worked on simultaneously at other stations to produce continuously automatically groups of retractile cords. Cordage is fed from a supply into clamping engagement with each of the mandrels in the group in a cord-loading position and then wound in a plurality of spaced-apart convolutions on each of the mandrels of that group after which the wound cords are severed from the cordage supplies. The wound cords are advanced incrementally through a heating zone, wherein the cords are exposed to radiant heating supplemented by preheating of the mandrels while cordage is being wound on the next successive groups of mandrels.