Abstract: An internal combustion engine system is described herein. The system uses a mixer to mix two fuels to provide for a transition from using only one of the fuels to using only the other fuel as power demand changes. The output of the mixer is provided to the engine as a primary fuel. A controller opens and closes throttle valves to adjust the relative concentrations of a first fuel (e.g., diesel) and a second fuel (e.g., methanol) that enter the mixer. In some examples, rather than removing the desired performance and/or environmental benefits achieved by using the second fuel at power demand levels greater than the maximum achievable by only using the second fuel, the systems described herein allow the use of at least a portion of the second fuel in the primary fuel at those power demand levels.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system is described herein. The internal combustion engine system uses one or more fuels that may be hydrophilic. The system uses a water measuring sensor to determine the concentration of water in the hydrophilic fuel. To meet power demands, the system uses the measured water concentration to modify data stored in a fuel map. The fuel map provides a controller the pump speeds and mixing ratio of the fuels for a given power level. The system receives that data and modifies it based on the measured concentration of water.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine system is described herein. The fuel delivery system uses one or more bidirectional purge components to provide for bidirectional purging of a fuel from at least a portion of the fuel delivery system. The bidirectional purge components provide for a fuel delivered using the fuel delivery system to be purged into the directional purge component in more than one fluid flow direction. When a differential pressure is applied across the bidirectional purge component, the fuel is purged into an inlet and an outlet of the bidirectional purge component, leaving the component through a purge outlet and into a tank. The differential pressure can be generated using a pressured fluid such as nitrogen or a pump downstream of the purge outlet.

Abstract: A seal arrangement for joining a first component to a second component is disclosed. The seal arrangement may have a first sealing surface formed as an integral portion of the first component, and a second sealing surface formed as an integral portion of the second component and configured to directly engage the first sealing surface. The seal arrangement may also have an energizer engaged with the first sealing surface and configured to inhibit movement of the first sealing surface away from the second sealing surface during a temperature drop.

Abstract: A seal arrangement for joining a first component to a second component is disclosed. The seal arrangement may have a first sealing surface formed as an integral portion of the first component, and a second sealing surface formed as an integral portion of the second component and configured to directly engage the first sealing surface. The seal arrangement may also have an energizer engaged with the first sealing surface and configured to inhibit movement of the first sealing surface away from the second sealing surface during a temperature drop.

Abstract: A support system for a pump having a plurality of pumping elements is disclosed. The support system may include a first flange, a second flange opposite the first flange, and a support member between and abutting the first and second flanges. The support system may further include a plurality of fasteners, each being coaxially aligned with a respective one of the plurality of pumping elements, wherein each of the plurality of fasteners is configured to draw the actuating and pressurizing ends against the support member.

Abstract: A dual fuel common rail engine supplies pressurized natural gas and liquid diesel fuel at different pressures through a co-axial quill assembly for direct injection from a single fuel injector into an engine cylinder. Pressure waves in the gaseous fuel common rail are damped in a pressure damping chamber of the co-axial quill assembly before the pressure wave can undermine consistent gaseous fuel injection rates and quantities from the fuel injector.

Abstract: A dual fuel common rail engine supplies pressurized natural gas and liquid diesel fuel at different pressures through a co-axial quill assembly for direct injection from a single fuel injector into an engine cylinder. Pressure waves in the gaseous fuel common rail are damped in a pressure damping chamber of the co-axial quill assembly before the pressure wave can undermine consistent gaseous fuel injection rates and quantities from the fuel injector.

Abstract: An end component 3 is spin-welded into the cut end of an extruded tube 1 with the application of axial pressure but without the application of radial pressure to the weld area. The radial forces required to create a weld are provided by hoop stresses which are formed in the tube by shock-cooling the tube as it emerges from the extrusion die. When the tube is cut, the hoop stresses cause the cut end of the tube to contract radially prior to insertion of the end component. To assist in insertion of the end component, a cylindrical skirt thereof 4 is provided with a chamfered end 9.

Abstract: A container comprises a body (12) having a base and an open mouth (18). A protective ring (20) fits snugly over a rim (16) of the body (12) encircling the mouth (18), and a closure (38) is insertable into the ring (20) to close the mouth (18). The ring has an outer portion (22) which lies against an outer surface (24) of the body (12) adjacent to the rim (16) and which has an inturned flange (26) biting into said outer surface (24), and an inner portion (28) which has a curled edge region (30) curved to provide the latter with a concealed edge (34) and engageable behind a shoulder (42) on the closure (38). The closure (38) or the ring (20) is resiliently deflectable to permit insertion of the closure (38) through the ring (20).