Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a wireless signal is transmitted to a remote device. The remote device determines a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) in response to the wireless signal based at least in part on a hierarchical codebook. The PMI is then received as reported back from the remote device.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a wireless signal is transmitted to a remote device. The remote device determines a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) in response to the wireless signal based at least in part on a hierarchical codebook. The PMI is then received as reported back from the remote device.

Abstract: A digital picture manipulator processes a video image signal according to a transform function and outputs both a transformed vide image signal and a transform function information signal. A compressed video encoder uses the transform function information signal in simplifying its search algorithms to generate motion vectors to compress the transformed video image signal to produce a compressed video image signal which includes the generated motion vectors. The compressed video image signal may be transmitted to a receiver, where it is decoded using the motion vectors and displayed. The compressed video image signal also may be subsequently decoded for processing by a subsequent digital picture manipulator. The motion vectors used by the decoder together with the transform function information signal from the subsequent digital picture manipulator are combined in a buffer/motion estimator to produce a modified transform function information signal for a subsequent compressed video encoder.

Abstract: A cascaded anti-aliasing filter control circuit for sampled images has a plurality of video effects modules coupled in a chain,. each module performing a particular transform of a cascaded video effect. An input module has as inputs constants for the particular transform and a pixel address signal, and provides as outputs a new pixel address signal and a set of partial derivative signals. The new pixel address signal is input to a next module in the chain as the pixel address signal, and the set of partial derivative signals are input to a matrix multiplier. A set of partial derivative signals from the next module also are input to the matrix multiplier to produce an intermediate set of partial derivative signals.

Abstract: A video effect is created with a video processing machine having a plurality of functions, each of which has a state that is selectively variable in response to change in an associated function parameter. The method comprises selecting a set of functions, specifying a starting keyframe containing a starting value for each of the parameters, specifying an ending keyframe containing ending values for the parameters associated with the functions of the selected set and vacancies for the other parameters associated with other functions, and specifying a number of video frames. The starting keyframe is used to place the machine in a starting state, in which each function has the status defined by the value of its associated parameter in the starting keyframe, and a first video frame is processed with the processing machine in the starting state.

Abstract: A number format conversion apparatus for signal processing has as inputs an exponent value and a mantissa value, the exponent and mantissa values representing a numerical value for a signal sample. An operator inputs an exponent max/min range and an offset, depending upon what conversion is desired. An output exponent is derived from the input exponent as a function of the maximum and minimum exponent values and the exponent offset. A shift value is derived from an unclipped output exponent and the minimum exponent value. The shift value is applied to a barrel shifter to shift the mantissa value to produce an output mantissa. The output exponent and mantissa form a floating point output number for the signal sample when a floating point output is selected, and the mantissa forms a fixed point output number for the signal sample when a fixed point output is selected.

Abstract: A video mapping system includes a weighting coefficients generator and a two-dimensional resampling filter that efficiently utilize memory resources and operate fast enough to process a video image stream without introducing artifacts through temporal interpolation. This system can accommodate non-linear and many-to-one mappings, allowing a source two-dimensional video image to be folded over itself in complicated ways to produce an image in the target coordinate system. The only restrictions are that the mapping be piecewise continuous and single-valued. Anti-aliasing filtering is implicit in the approach.

Abstract: Distortion in a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is eliminated by adding a digital random number to each sample of the digital signal, converting the sum into analog form, and subtracting from this analog sum the analog counterpart of the digital random number. The result is the analog counterpart to the input digital signal. The conversation of the summed digital signal and the random number into analog form can be performed by two conventional DACs. For any digital input sample, the output of each DAC is equally likely to contain any of the possible distortion errors produced by the DAC. (An exception is the most significant output bit of the DAC that processes the summed signal, an exception that may be handled by stripping off the most significant bit and applying it to a one-bit DAC.) The error signal at the output of each of the two DACs is thus a random sequence (i.e. noise) of DAC distortion errors.