Abstract: A method for improving fuel efficiency and energy efficiency, while maintaining or improving deposit control and cleanliness performance, in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil includes a base oil mixture. The base oil mixture includes a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one cobase stock, as a minor component. The at least one cobase stock is present in an amount sufficient to reduce kinematic viscosity (Kv100) of the base oil mixture as determined by ASTM D445, while maintaining or controlling cold cranking simulator viscosity (CCSV) of the lubricating oil as determined by ASTM D5293-15, such that the lubricating oil meets both kinematic viscosity (Kv100) and cold cranking simulator viscosity (CCSV) requirements for a SAE engine oil grade as determined by SAE J300 viscosity grade classification system.

Abstract: A method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil while maintaining or improving cleanliness by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one boron-containing compound and at least one overbased calcium detergent as minor components. The at least one boron-containing compound includes at least one borated dispersant, or a mixture of a boron-containing compound and a non-borated dispersant. The boron to nitrogen ratio for the at least one boron-containing compound is less than or equal to about 0.3 and the lubricating oil is essentially free of elemental magnesium. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are particularly advantageous as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

Abstract: A method for improving oxidation stability and viscosity control, while maintaining or improving cleanliness performance and deposit control, in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and a mixture of (i) at least one detergent, and (ii) at least one antioxidant, or a mixture of (i) at least one detergent, (ii) at least one dispersant, and (iii) at least one antioxidant, as minor components. The at least one detergent comprises a sulfonate detergent, the at least one dispersant comprises a borated dispersant, and the at least one antioxidant includes an alkylated diphenylamine. The engine or other mechanical component is lubricated with the lubricating oil operating in the presence of biodiesel fuel. A lubricating oil formulated with the above major and minor components.

Abstract: A method for improving wear control and sludge control, while maintaining or improving fuel efficiency, of a lubricating oil in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with the lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one lubricating oil additive, as a minor component. The at least one lubricating oil additive includes a zirconium-containing compound. The zirconium-containing compound is present in an amount from about 0.1 to about 1200 parts per million (ppm). The zirconium-containing compound is soluble in the lubricating oil base stock. The lubricating oil is useful as a passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO), a commercial vehicle engine oil (CVEO), and other lubricating oils (hydraulic, gear, transmission, etc.).

Abstract: A method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one lubricating oil additive, as a minor component. The lubricating oil contains at least one metal or metalloid in an amount sufficient that, in thermogravimetric measurements of the lubricating oil by a Thermogravimetric Engine Oil Simulation Test, carbon black decomposition temperature is increased as compared to the carbon black decomposition temperature in a lubricating oil containing calcium or magnesium. A lubricating oil useful for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with the lubricating oil. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are particularly advantageous as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

Abstract: A method for improving oxidative stability of a lubricating oil in a diesel engine by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one aminic antioxidant, at least one phenolic antioxidant, and at least one Group V base stock as minor components. The at least one aminic antioxidant is present in an amount from 0.1 to 2.5 wt. %, the at least one phenolic antioxidant is present in an amount from 0.5 to 5 wt. %, and the at least one Group V base stock is present in amount from 1 to 20 wt. %. Oxidative stability is improved in a diesel engine lubricated with the lubricating oil, as compared to oxidative stability achieved in a diesel engine lubricated with a lubricating oil containing a minor component other than specified antioxidants and Group V base stock.

Abstract: A method for improving fuel efficiency and reducing frictional properties while maintaining or improving deposit control, in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil. The lubricating engine oil has a composition including from 75 to 95 wt % of lubricating oil base stock selected from the group consisting of a Group I base stock, a Group II base stock, a Group III base stock, a Group IV base stock, a Group V base stock and combinations thereof; a friction modifier mixture comprising a polymeric ethoxylated fatty acid ester having a molecular weight of greater than or equal to 2000 at from 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % and an organic molybdenum containing friction modifier contributing from 80 to 500 ppm of elemental molybdenum, and an overbased calcium salicylate detergent contributing from 200 to 2000 ppm of elemental calcium; and one or more other lubricating oil additives. The lubricating engine oils are useful in internal combustion engines including direct injection, gasoline and diesel engines.

Abstract: A method for improving fuel efficiency and energy efficiency, while maintaining or improving deposit control and cleanliness performance, in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil includes a base oil mixture. The base oil mixture includes a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one cobase stock, as a minor component. The at least one cobase stock is present in an amount sufficient to reduce kinematic viscosity (Kv100) of the base oil mixture as determined by ASTM D445, while maintaining or controlling cold cranking simulator viscosity (CCSV) of the lubricating oil as determined by ASTM D5293-15, such that the lubricating oil meets both kinematic viscosity (Kv100) and cold cranking simulator viscosity (CCSV) requirements for a SAE engine oil grade as determined by SAE J300 viscosity grade classification system.

Abstract: A method for improving oxidation stability and viscosity control, while maintaining or improving cleanliness performance and deposit control, in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and a mixture of (i) at least one detergent, and (ii) at least one antioxidant, or a mixture of (i) at least one detergent, (ii) at least one dispersant, and (iii) at least one antioxidant, as minor components. The at least one detergent comprises a sulfonate detergent, the at least one dispersant comprises a borated dispersant, and the at least one antioxidant includes an alkylated diphenylamine. The engine or other mechanical component is lubricated with the lubricating oil operating in the presence of biodiesel fuel. A lubricating oil formulated with the above major and minor components.

Abstract: A method for improving fuel efficiency and reducing frictional properties while maintaining or improving deposit control, in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil. The lubricating engine oil has a composition including from 75 to 95 wt % of lubricating oil base stock selected from the group consisting of a Group I base stock, a Group II base stock, a Group III base stock, a Group IV base stock, a Group V base stock and combinations thereof; a friction modifier mixture comprising a polymeric ethoxylated fatty acid ester having a molecular weight of greater than or equal to 2000 at from 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % and an organic molybdenum containing friction modifier contributing from 80 to 500 ppm of elemental molybdenum, and an overbased calcium salicylate detergent contributing from 200 to 2000 ppm of elemental calcium; and one or more other lubricating oil additives. The lubricating engine oils are useful in internal combustion engines including direct injection, gasoline and diesel engines.

Abstract: A method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil while maintaining or improving cleanliness by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one boron-containing compound and at least one overbased calcium detergent as minor components. The at least one boron-containing compound includes at least one borated dispersant, or a mixture of a boron-containing compound and a non-borated dispersant. The boron to nitrogen ratio for the at least one boron-containing compound is less than or equal to about 0.3 and the lubricating oil is essentially free of elemental magnesium. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are particularly advantageous as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

Abstract: A method for improving fuel efficiency and reducing frictional properties while maintaining or improving deposit control, in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including from 75 to 95 wt % of lubricating oil base stock including a Group I base stock or a combination of a Group III, Group IV and Group V base stock including from 30 to 35 wt % Group III, 45 to 55 wt % Group IV and 0 to 5 wt % Group V and a friction modifier mixture comprising a polymeric ethoxylated fatty acid ester at from 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % and a mixed glyceride ester at from 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % of the formulated oil. The lubricating engine oils are useful in internal combustion engines including direct injection, gasoline and diesel engines.

Abstract: A method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one zinc-containing compound or at least one antiwear agent, as a minor component. The at least one antiwear agent includes at least one zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate compound derived from a secondary alcohol. A lubricating engine oil having a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one zinc-containing compound or at least one antiwear agent, as a minor component. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are particularly advantageous as passenger vehicle engine oil products.

Abstract: A method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one detergent, as a minor component. The detergent includes at least one alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid, and the at least one alkaline earth metal salt of an organic acid comprises at least one magnesium salt of an organic acid. A lubricating engine oil having a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component; and at least one detergent, as a minor component. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are particularly advantageous as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.

Abstract: A method for preventing or reducing low speed pre-ignition in an engine lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one boron-containing compound, as a minor component. The at least one boron-containing compound includes at least one borated dispersant, or a mixture of a boron-containing compound and a non-borated dispersant. A lubricating engine oil having a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one boron-containing compound, as a minor component. The lubricating oils of this disclosure are particularly advantageous as passenger vehicle engine oil (PVEO) products.