Abstract: A tote (10) is disclosed in its preferred form including a tubular body formed from four side panels (12-15) preferably of identical construction and including top and bottom panels (16, 18) preferably of construction. The side panels (12-15) each include flaps (26, 28) extending from the opposite side edges (22, 24) of a central portion (20). The flaps (26, 28) overlap and are secured to the central portion (20) of the adjacent side panels (12-15) and extend in two, nonparallel directions from the corners of the tubular body defined by the side edges (22, 24) to create a V-shaped corner post at each corner of the tubular body. A pleat is formed in each of the central portions (20) of the side panels (12-15) to increase compression strength and rigidity of the side panel (12-15).

Abstract: A vertically movable hood, for temporarily closing and sealing the open upper end of a bulk container as the container is being filled with particulate material through the hood from a dispensing spout, and a pneumatically actuated mechanism for moving the hood vertically a slight distance over the container between an open position and a closed position.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for forming a three-piece paperboard, bulk shipping container from a flat collapsed tubular body member and a pair of flat end members, which apparatus and method includes means for erecting the body member from the flat collapsed to the tubular erected condition, pushing both end members against opposite ends of the erected body member at the same time, and then folding and securing the flanges of the end members to opposite ends of the body member.

Abstract: A removable, molded plastic cover for closing a fill opening in a container wall, which cover includes a center panel having a peripheral rim and a plurality of lock tabs extending radially outward therefrom and spaced from each other to define grooves for receiving portions of the container wall adjacent the fill opening to close the opening.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for making a bulk container from a pair of outer and inner blanks of foldable sheet material such as paperboard wherein the blanks are laminated to each other to form a multi-ply sheet then scored to provide fold lines, and then glued and folded to provide a tubular structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a plastic liner bag from a roll of plastic sleeve material and inserting the liner bag snugly within and over the upper edges of a bulk container.