Abstract: A multi-material structure includes a refractory portion with a metal or metal alloy of at least one of niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), iridium (Ir), vanadium (V), and ruthenium (Ru). A structural portion is metallurgically joined with the refractory portion. The structural portion includes a titanium (Ti) alloy. At least one of the refractory and structural portions is additively manufactured.

Abstract: The disclosed technology provides a nanofunctionalized magnetic material feedstock comprising: from 50 wt % to 99.5 wt % of magnetic microparticles having an average microparticle effective diameter from 1 micron to 500 microns; from 0.4 wt % to 40 wt % of one or more rare earth elements; and from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of metal-containing inoculant nanoparticles, wherein at least 1 wt % of the inoculant nanoparticles are chemically and/or physically disposed on surfaces of the magnetic microparticles. The nanofunctionalized magnetic material feedstock is processed using high-throughput laser-based additive manufacturing to optimize the architecture of NdFeB or other magnets, generating site-specific, demagnetization-resistant microstructures. This disclosure teaches a rapid, single-step laser-based process to tailor the easy axis alignment, grain size, and microstructure of a permanent magnet at corners and edges to resist demagnetization.

Abstract: The disclosed technology provides a cladded permanent magnet comprising: a core magnet region containing a core magnetic material; and a magnet cladding containing a shell magnetic material comprising (i) a magnetic compound that is chemically the same as the core magnetic material, (ii) one or more rare earth elements, and (iii) metal-containing inoculant nanoparticles, wherein the magnet cladding is disposed on the core magnet region, wherein the magnet cladding has at least 10% higher ambient-temperature magnetic coercivity compared to the core magnet region. The cladded permanent magnet is made via high-throughput laser-based additive manufacturing to optimize the architecture of NdFeB or other magnets, generating site-specific, demagnetization-resistant microstructures. This disclosure teaches a rapid, single-step laser-based process to tailor the easy axis alignment, grain size, and microstructure of a permanent magnet at corners and edges to resist demagnetization.

Abstract: The technology described in this document can be embodied in a computer-implemented method that includes accessing, by one or more processors, data for a plurality of health-related parameters of an individual, and determining, by the one or more processors, a corresponding individual age-adjustment factor based on data for one or more of the plurality of health-related parameters. The age-adjustment factor computed for a given health-related parameter represents an estimated gain or loss in age as indicated by the data for the given health-related parameter. The method also includes combining, by the one or more processors, two or more of the individual age-adjustment factors to provide a combined age-adjustment factor, and determining, by the one or more processors, a physiological age of the individual based on the combined age-adjustment factor and a chronological age of the individual.