Abstract: A system for sanitizing and/or disinfecting fluid within a pool or a spa comprising a power supply, at least one ultraviolet light-emitting diode and a processor in communication with the power supply and the at least one ultraviolet light-emitting diode. The at least one ultraviolet light-emitting diode is mounted with respect to the pool or the spa and is in contact with the fluid within the pool or the spa. The processor drives the at least one ultraviolet light emitting diode to emit ultraviolet light at a wavelength to sanitize and/or disinfect the fluid within the pool or the spa.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sanitizing pool and spa water are provided. An electrolytic chlorinator is provided which includes a combined flow, temperature, and salt concentration sensor. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an acid tank for in-situ cleaning of the electrolytic chlorinator or acidification of pool/spa water where needed. A delayed polarity reversal technique is provided for de-scaling and managing passivation of the blades of an electrolytic chlorinator. The electrolytic chlorinator could include a sacrificial anode for protecting components of the chlorinator as well as other pool/spa components. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an integral, electrically-controlled acid generator, a brine tank for periodically superchlorinating and/or shocking pool/spa water, and/or a plurality of chemical tanks/feeds for periodically injecting chemicals into the chlorinator.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sanitizing pool/spa water are provided. An electrolytic chlorinator is provided which includes a combined flow, temperature, and salt concentration sensor. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an acid tank for in-situ cleaning of the electrolytic chlorinator or acidification of pool/spa water where needed. A delayed polarity reversal technique is provided for de-scaling and managing passivation of the blades of an electrolytic chlorinator. The electrolytic chlorinator could include a sacrificial anode for protecting components of the chlorinator as well as other pool/spa components. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an integral, electrically-controlled acid generator, a brine tank for periodically superchlorinating and/or shocking pool/spa water, and/or a plurality of chemical tanks/feeds for periodically injecting chemicals into the chlorinator.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sanitizing pool/spa water are provided. An electrolytic chlorinator is provided which includes a combined flow, temperature, and salt concentration sensor. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an acid tank for in-situ cleaning of the electrolytic chlorinator or acidification of pool/spa water where needed. A delayed polarity reversal technique is provided for de-scaling and managing passivation of the blades of an electrolytic chlorinator. The electrolytic chlorinator could include a sacrificial anode for protecting components of the chlorinator as well as other pool/spa components. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an integral, electrically-controlled acid generator, a brine tank for periodically superchlorinating and/or shocking pool/spa water, and/or a plurality of chemical tanks/feeds for periodically injecting chemicals into the chlorinator.

Abstract: Systems and methods for sanitizing pool and spa water are provided. An electrolytic chlorinator is provided which includes a combined flow, temperature, and salt concentration sensor. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an acid tank for in-situ cleaning of the electrolytic chlorinator or acidification of pool/spa water where needed. A delayed polarity reversal technique is provided for de-scaling and managing passivation of the blades of an electrolytic chlorinator. The electrolytic chlorinator could include a sacrificial anode for protecting components of the chlorinator as well as other pool/spa components. The electrolytic chlorinator could include an integral, electrically-controlled acid generator, a brine tank for periodically superchlorinating and/or shocking pool/spa water, and/or a plurality of chemical tanks/feeds for periodically injecting chemicals into the chlorinator.

Abstract: A self contained battery energized apparatus is mounted within the water tank of a conventional flush toilet to eliminate malodorous gases. Air from the toilet bowl is drawn through the stand pipe in the toilet tank into a housing to expose the air to UV radiation to produce ozone molecules that have an oxidizing effect on organic matter and the UV radiation serves as a germicide and a virucide. The ozonated and oxidized gases are exhausted through a carbon filter.

Abstract: Simultaneous application of ozone and ultraviolet light (UV185 and UV254) in water to be purified will create hydroxyl radicals, which combination will cause conversion of AS (III) that may be present to As (V), oxidation of inorganic matter such as manganese, sulfur, phosphorus and organic matter and provide virucidal and germicidal effects to purify the water.

Abstract: A pressurized water tank having a head space includes a pump for recirculating the water through a nozzle disposed in the head space. The out flowing stream of water will entrain air and cause mixing of air entrained water with the remaining water in the tank. To enhance air entrainment and convey the air entrained water to a location well below the water level, the stream of water is injected into a vertical venturi tube. The entrained air will have an oxidizing effect upon organic matter and also cause circulation of the water within the tank. To enhance oxidation of organic and inorganic matter, a UV lamp may be located in the head space to convert oxygen molecules in the air into ozone molecules. Such ozone molecules would be entrained in the stream of water flowing out of the nozzle and into the tube and have a strong oxidizing effect upon organic and inorganic matter.

Abstract: A method for subjecting a microorganism to a combination of ozone and irradiation of UV light which has a synergistic effect on the reduction of the microorganism that may be resistant to either ozone or UV light alone. In particular, Adenovirus and Naegleria fowleri, are significantly more reduced when subjected simultaneously to the combination of ozone and UV light than when subjected only to ozone or UV light, respectively.

Abstract: Water within a water tank is irradiated with ultraviolet light from a UV lamp for virucidal and germicidal purposes while simultaneously transforming oxygen molecules to ozone molecules in an oxygen containing gas flowing within an annular space defined by a sleeve surrounding the UV lamp. The ozone enriched gas flows into an enlarged chamber into which the UV lamp extends and the flow rate is reduced to enhance the time of exposure of the ozone enriched gas to UV radiation and thereby enhance the production of ozone. To increase the rate of transformation of oxygen molecules to ozone molecules, the gas is under a predetermined pressure prior to entering the annular space and subsequent to discharge from the chamber.

Abstract: Water within a water tank is irradiated with ultraviolet light from a UV lamp for virucidal and germicidal purposes while simultaneously transforming oxygen molecules to ozone molecules in an oxygen containing gas flowing within an annular space defined by a sleeve surrounding the UV lamp. The ozone enriched gas flows into an enlarged chamber into which the UV lamp extends and the flow rate is reduced to enhance the time of exposure of the ozone enriched gas to UV radiation and thereby enhance the production of ozone. To increase the rate of transformation of oxygen molecules to ozone molecules, the gas is under a predetermined pressure prior to entering the annular space and subsequent to discharge from the chamber.

Abstract: Simultaneous application of ozone and ultraviolet light (UV185 and UV254) in water to be purified will create hydroxyl radicals, which combination will cause conversion of AS (III) that may be present to As (V), oxidation of inorganic matter such as manganese, sulfur, phosphorus and organic matter and provide virucidal and germicidal effects to purify the water.

Abstract: A pressurized water tank having a head space includes a pump for recirculating the water through a nozzle disposed in the head space. The outflowing stream of water will entrain air and cause mixing of air entrained water with the remaining water in the tank. To enhance air entrainment and convey the air entrained water to a location well below the water level, the stream of water is injected into a vertical venturi tube. The entrained air will have an oxidizing effect upon organic matter and also cause circulation of the water within the tank. To enhance oxidation of organic and inorganic matter, a UV lamp may be located in the head space to convert oxygen molecules in the air into ozone molecules. Such ozone molecules would be entrained in the stream of water flowing out of the nozzle and into the tube and have a strong oxidizing effect upon organic and inorganic matter.

Abstract: The present invention describes compositions and methods for sorbing and/or destroying dangerous substances such as chemical and biological warfare agents. The present invention relates to dendritic polymers, specifically, to quaternary ammonium functionalized dendritic polymers and N-Halamine functionalized dendritic polymers. Such dendrimers are useful for the capture and neutralization of biological and chemical warfare agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to educational and entertaining playing cards. The cards may be used alone or in combination with other hardware game accessories, such as board games, or software game accessories, such as compact discs and the Internet. Unlike other popular and heavily traded playing cards (e.g. Pokemon) which have limited social and educational value, an educational element has been added to the cards of the present invention without destroying the fun associated with the collecting, trading, and playing of the cards. Educational facts and information about a variety of topics are located on the playing cards, which may be used to play various games. Two different types of game cards are contemplated by the present invention: (1) standard cards and (2) fact cards. The present invention, however, is in no way limited to only these two types of game cards.

Abstract: “Plug-in” fluid flow diverters are disclosed. Additionally disclosed is water purification equipment adapted to communicate with the diverters. Such equipment is especially (although not solely) useful in connection with circulating streams of water present in systems associated with swimming pools, hot tubs, and spas, as the circulating nature of the water permits more of its volume ultimately to be diverted into the equipment for purification. The diverters, furthermore, may have entrances oriented to receive fluid travelling in only one direction through a conduit and be keyed to one or more components of the equipment for purposes of identification, inventory control, or otherwise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treating water to reduce the phosphate level thereof and control the growth therein of algae and other microorganisms by treating the water with an effective amount of a composition containing a lanthanide halide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water purification compositions comprising silver and a second material, such as aluminum or zinc metal, to methods of treating or purifying water using this composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a biocidal water treatment composition, water treatment apparatus, and method of treating water to reduce levels of pathogens. The composition contains sources of copper, zinc, and silver metal ions within a crosslinked polymer matrix. Examples of these ion sources include copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, and silver nitrate. An example of the crosslinked polymer matrix is crosslinked chitosan, which also serves to clarify the water and release the metal ions over time. The product is easy to manufacture, and allows the use of decreased halogen sanitizer, as well as decreased copper ion, thereby decreasing the likelihood of staining. The product simultaneously provides good bactericidal and algaecidal properties, despite low levels of copper ion and low chlorine levels.

Abstract: An in-line, in-pool system for chemically treating water in conjunction with an automatic swimming pool cleaner is disclosed. Incorporating a head and a cartridge, the system is design for placement within a swimming pool for treating water therein. Purification media may be placed within the cartridge to effect sanitization of the water.