Abstract: Novel quaternary phosphonium tetrathiostannates and quaternary phosphonium hexathiodistannates are prepared by the reaction of a quaternary phosphonium salt with a tetrathiostannate or a hexathiodistannate salt.

Abstract: A grease composition having improved antifriction properties and improved extreme pressure properties comprising a thickened hydrocarbon lubricating oil, calcium carbonate and a novel quaternary phosphonium thiostannate, for example, hexadecyltri-n-butylphosphonium tetrathiostannate.

Abstract: A nickel-molybdenum catalyst composite is formed by a process which consists essentially of contacting a refractory inorganic oxide support with an aqueous, alkaline impregnating solution consisting essentially of NH.sup.+.sub.4, Ni.sup.++, SO.sub.4 .sup.- and MO.sup.+VI, with substantially all of the Ni.sup.++ being supplied from nickel sulfate, and heating said impregnated support to dry and calcine the catalyst composite. The calcination is an oxidative calcination conducted in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature in the range of 427.degree. and about 566.degree. C. such that sulfate remains on said support. The resulting catalyst is used to desulfurize naphthas, middle distillate oils and asphaltic oils.

Abstract: A process for thermal cracking of petroleum light gas oil to produce a product including ethylene comprising passing said oil, a diluent gas and entrained hot solids through a cracking zone at a temperature between 1,300.degree. and 2,500.degree. F. at a relatively high cracking severity corresponding to a methane yield of at least 12 weight percent based on hydrocarbon feed oil and with a weight ratio of diluent gas to feed oil of at least 0.3. A naphtha feedstock can be separately cracked at a lower severity using a lower weight ratio of diluent gas to feed oil, with the inert solids from both cracking zones being sent to a common burner whose fuel comprises heavy oil product from both cracking zones.

Abstract: In a thermal cracking process employing inert hot solids as a heat source, the cracker effluent solids are passed to a burner for combustion of deposited and entrained coke. The liquid product of the thermal cracking process is distilled and the liquid residue comprises a low value solids-containing slurry which is used as a torch oil in the coke burner. The liquid residue from a catalytic cracking process also comprises a low value slurry since it contains particles of cracking catalyst and in the present process is used as auxiliary torch oil in the solids burner. The catalyst particles are rendered inert at the high temperature of the burner, thereby enhancing the quantity of inert solids circulating in the thermal cracking process. The use of a second slurry as torch oil reduces the quantity of thermally cracked liquid residue required as torch oil and enhances the quantity of more valuable solids-free distillate liquid recoverable from the thermal cracking process.

Abstract: An improved catalytic cracking catalyst is obtained by a method which comprises incorporating into a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst by ion exchange a substantial concentration of a metal selected from the group consisting of antimony, bismuth and manganese.

Abstract: A process for the non-catalytic riser cracking of shale oil to produce ethylene in the presence of entrained hot, inert solids.

Abstract: A process for the production of ethylene by the non-catalytic riser cracking of hydrodesulfurized residual petroleum oils in the presence of entrained hot, inert solids.

Abstract: A process for hydrodenitrogenation of shale oil comprising fractionating the shale oil into relatively light and heavy fractions, passing the relatively light fraction through a zone containing a catalyst comprising supported molybdenum and Group VIII metal and passing the relatively heavy fraction through a zone containing a catalyst comprising supported tungsten and Group VIII metal.

Abstract: A process for hydrodenitrogenation of shale oil to convert it to a feed oil for zeolitic riser cracking comprising passing the shale oil through two catalyst stages in series, the catalyst in the first stage comprising supported molybdenum and Group VIII metal and the catalyst in the second stage comprising supported tungsten and Group VIII metal.