Abstract: A machine reading system is described herein that includes a framework in which grammar rules can be developed using a concise language that combines syntax and semantics. The resulting technology thus reduces the development time for new grammars in a new domain. An enormous amount of information appears in the form of natural language across millions of academic papers and other literature sources. For example, in the biological domain, there is a tremendous ongoing effort to extract individual chemical interactions from these texts, but these interactions are only isolated fragments of larger causal mechanisms such as protein signaling pathways. The proposed rule-based event extraction framework can model underlying syntactic representations of events in order to extract signaling pathway fragments. Though application to the biomedical domain is herein described, the framework is domain-independent and is expressive enough to capture most complex events annotated by domain experts.

Abstract: A domain fact verification system is described having a computer programmed with a model trained using a process of data distillation and model distillation to improve model learning of the underlying semantics of a dataset rather than relying on statistical and lexical nuances in a domain-specific dataset. The computer thus programmed can accurately perform fact verification across multiple domains without the labor-intensive process of encoding a dataset of human-annotated, domain-specific information for each domain. Moreover, by combining data distillation with model distillation techniques, which may be seen as an inverse of well-established ensemble strategies (which train individual models separately and applies them jointly) the present domain transferable fact verification system scales better at inference time due to its reliance on a single trained model.

Abstract: A machine reading system is described herein that includes a framework in which grammar rules can be developed using a concise language that combines syntax and semantics. The resulting technology thus reduces the development time for new grammars in a new domain. An enormous amount of information appears in the form of natural language across millions of academic papers and other literature sources. For example, in the biological domain, there is a tremendous ongoing effort to extract individual chemical interactions from these texts, but these interactions are only isolated fragments of larger causal mechanisms such as protein signaling pathways. The proposed rule-based event extraction framework can model underlying syntactic representations of events in order to extract signaling pathway fragments. Though application to the biomedical domain is herein described, the framework is domain-independent and is expressive enough to capture most complex events annotated by domain experts.

Abstract: A kit or system for promoting both education and entertainment includes at least one elongated surface mountable strip which is utilized to removably mount or attach alphabetical, numerical and/or entertainment devices thereon. At least one strip has a first surface for mounting the strip to a wall or similar support and a second or opposite surface to which the devices are removably adhered. Optimally, the second surface is a “Velcro” surface. The Velcro surface may also have embedded therein a plurality of magnets as well as a plurality of snaps for assuring securement of the items to the strips. The alpha-numeric devices are configured such that each letter of the alphabet capital letter having a script or cursive version of that same letter disposed thereon, the main portion of each letter being of a first color and the script portion being of a contrasting color. The numerical devices all be colored as well, but where the minor portion has the numeral spelled out.