Abstract: Marker sets are provided for use on nondenaturing gels. The protein molecular weight markers are provided in liquid form, and are stable in liquid form for at least two months at 4 degrees C. and at least one year at ?20 degrees C. Methods of using the markers and kits containing stable native protein markers in liquid form for determining molecular mass of proteins using electrophoresis are also provided. Furthermore, methods for generating revenue by selling the liquid molecular weight markers, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for protein crystallization. The present invention involves electrophoretically focusing at least a first protein species within a matrix comprising at least 2 regions of different pH, the protein being present in amount sufficient to permit crystallization within said pH gradient.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for protein crystallization. The present invention involves electrophoretically focusing at least a first protein species within a matrix comprising at least 2 regions of different pH, the protein being present in amount sufficient to permit crystallization within said pH gradient.

Abstract: Methods of addressing a biomolecule to a selectively addressable electrode are described. A permeation layer overlying a plurality of selectively addressable electrodes is provided. The permeation layer includes a reactive group that is adapted to bond to a biomolecule and that requires activation through a chemical transformation before bonding to the biomolecule. At least one selectively addressable electrode is biased such that a pH change occurs in an overlying solution of the at least one selectively addressable electrode. The reactive group in a portion of the permeation layer above the at least one selectively addressable electrode is then chemically transformed to an activated reactive group as a result of the pH change. A biomolecule is then bound to the permeation layer overlying the at least one selectively addressable electrode through the activated reactive group.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are presented that facilitate electrophoresis of prior-cast, hydratable separation media, usefully immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips. The method exploits the swelling of prior-cast, hydratable separation media upon rehydration to help lodge the media in an enclosing member that permits spaced electrical communication with the enclosed separation media. The electrical communication permits a voltage gradient to be established in the enclosed separation medium sufficient to effect separation of analytes therein. Cassettes, buffer cores, electrophoresis systems and kits are presented for effecting the methods of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to marker molecules for identifying physical properties of molecular species separated by the use of electrophoretic systems. The invention further relates to methods for preparing and using marker molecules.

Abstract: Methods of addressing a biomolecule to a selectively addressable electrode are described. A permeation layer overlying a plurality of selectively addressable electrodes is provided. The permeation layer includes a reactive group that is adapted to bond to a biomolecule and that requires activation through a chemical transformation before bonding to the biomolecule. At least one selectively addressable electrode is biased such that a pH change occurs in an overlying solution of the at least one selectively addressable electrode. The reactive group in a portion of the permeation layer above the at least one selectively addressable electrode is then chemically transformed to an activated reactive group as a result of the pH change. A biomolecule is then bound to the permeation layer overlying the at least one selectively addressable electrode through the activated reactive group.

Abstract: The invention relates to marker molecules for identifying physical properties of molecular species separated by the use of electrophoretic systems. The invention further relates to methods for preparing and using marker molecules.

Abstract: Marker sets are provided for use on nondenaturing gels. The protein molecular weight markers are provided in liquid form, and are stable in liquid form for at least two months at 4 degrees C. and at least one year at ?20 degrees C. Methods of using the markers and kits containing stable native protein markers in liquid form for determining molecular mass of proteins using electrophoresis are also provided. Furthermore, methods for generating revenue by selling the liquid molecular weight markers, are provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are presented that facilitate electrophoresis of prior-cast, hydratable separation media, usefully immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips. The method exploits the swelling of prior-cast, hydratable separation media upon rehydration to help lodge the media in an enclosing member that permits spaced electrical communication with the enclosed separation media. The electrical communication permits a voltage gradient to be established in the enclosed separation medium sufficient to effect separation of analytes therein. Cassettes, buffer cores, electrophoresis systems and kits are presented for effecting the methods of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, and kits for protein crystallization. The present invention involves electrophoretically focusing at least a first protein species within a matrix comprising at least 2 regions of different pH, the protein being present in amount sufficient to permit crystallization within said pH gradient.

Abstract: Provided herein are rapidly-rehydratable prior-cast, dehydrated, electrophoresis separation media particularly useful for isoelectric focusing, including methods of making, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A multielevational cover for assembling a fluid retaining chamber on a face of an electrophoresis cassette is presented. The cover comprises a cassette-containing member, at least one chamber-defining member, and sealing means, typically sealing means that are capable of reversible attachment. Also presented are methods for contacting cassette-immobilized gels to desired fluids by assembling a fluid retaining chamber upon the cassette using the covers of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to marker molecules for identifying physical properties of molecular species separated by the use of electrophoretic systems. The invention further relates to methods for preparing and using marker molecules.

Abstract: The invention relates to marker molecules for identifying physical properties of molecular species separated by the use of electrophoretic systems. The invention further relates to methods for preparing and using marker molecules.