Abstract: An apparatus including an LED excitation source and module useful for full plate imaging fluorescence instruments as well as methods for calibrating such instruments. The apparatus may include a light source operative to provide simultaneous illumination of a first wavelength selected to a plurality of samples to excite the fluorescent emission of light of a second wavelength by said plurality of samples wherein the light source is an LED array; and an optical sensor, responsive to light at said second wavelength.

Abstract: An LED excitation source and module useful for full plate imaging fluorescence instruments as well as methods for calibrating such instruments.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for analyzing energy emanating from a source by converting energy from the source into spectral components distributed according to frequency along a flat field, combining the spectral components into a beam, detecting the beam which combines the spectral components and demodulating the spectral components.

Abstract: Analysis of energy emanating from a source having a focal plane by converting the energy from the source into modulated spectral components simultaneously distributed according to frequency along a flat field, using, for example, a modulator, and then detecting and demodulating the spectral components, for example by a fast Fourier transform or synchronous demodulator with a ruled grating interposable between the source and the detector and a linear variable bandpass filter interposable between the source and the detector.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for identifying a refrigerant by determining the spectrum of the refrigerant in the absence of a sensing reagent and converting the spectrum into an indicium of the type of refrigerant.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a two-dimensional spectrometer wherein a single catadioptric system is both the collimator and the camera for two-pass use of any two-dimensionally dispersed spectrometer. Off-axis aberration effects are minimized by arranging a fiber optic as the light-entrance aperture, on the central optical axis of the spectrometer and in close proximity to or centrally inserted in a two-dimensional array detector at the image plane. In other words, the grating of the spectrometer is also a reflector which folds admitted and dispersed light for return to the image plane along essentially the same path and through the same optical elements as are used on the incoming pass of light to the diffraction grating. The invention is shown for its applicability to each of various types of two-dimensional spectrometer-design configurations.

Abstract: A seal apparatus for making demountable gas tight seals between juxtaposed dissimilar material parts in high temperature, high pressure and chemically reactive environments. The seal is comprised of two or more concentric elastomer washer seals mounted in a first juxtaposed part within a recessed channel of measured depth. The washer seals have a thickness greater than the measured depth of the channel, thereby providing contact with the second juxtaposed part interfaced with the first or channeled part. The inner concentric elastomer washer, being made of chemically relatively inert material, and the outer concentric elastomer washer being made of high resilient, therefore relatively chemically reactive material. The outer concentric washer seal is the true load bearing seal; the inner seal is a means for shielding the load bearing seal from chemical deterioration.

Abstract: An improved gas chromatograph for "on line" use with absorption spectrum analyzers, particularly, infrared spectrometers. The new chromatograph has been adapted for compatibility with a variety of absorption spectrum analysis instruments from the standpoint of cycling time, dimensions, thermal characteristics and convenience in handling extremely small and highly reactive chemical sample materials.