Abstract: An asynchronous data validation mechanism integrated into a user interface by a binding engine is provided. Application object properties are bound to user interface data fields. The asynchronous validation mechanism communicates with a validator and with the object properties. Data input to a single field can be flagged with multiple validation errors. Multiple validation errors can also be associated to the object overall rather than being associated with particular properties of the object. Inconsistency between inputs to different data fields can result in a cross-property validation error. A single flag indicates whether the business object has any validation errors. Different validation errors may have different visualization types, and the business object may have validation errors of different data types, rather than being limited to strings.

Abstract: An application may feature a number of application states among which a process shifts during execution of the application. A user or software developer may wish to define one or more transitions to be rendered between a first application state and a second application state, but the application development environment and operating system may provide only a limited number of general-purpose transitions. Instead, a pluggable architecture may be devised to permit a user or software developer to provide a custom transition, and to specify the rendering of the custom transition between application states. The pluggable architecture may therefore enable the user or software developer to define new transitions that are more relevant and complementary of the application states in transit.