Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method relating to a modular water treatment apparatus that utilizes sidestream injection coupled to static mixing are described. The apparatus, system, and method utilizes ozone, with or without hydrogen peroxide, for effective disinfection and/or decontamination of contaminants present in waste water. The disinfected, decontaminated water is suitable for reuse.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for water treatment are described, particularly for the simultaneous removal of nitrate, perchlorate, and other organic contaminates from contaminated water using a membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR).

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method relating to a modular water treatment apparatus that utilizes sidestream injection coupled to static mixing are described. The apparatus, system, and method utilizes ozone, with or without hydrogen peroxide, for effective disinfection and/or decontamination of contaminants present in waste water. The disinfected, decontaminated water is suitable for reuse.

Abstract: A membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) device for treatment of water avoiding biofouling comprising: a central core tube having a wall defining a lumen and one or more perforations in the wall defining a perforated region, the core tube further having a first open end and second substantially closed end; a plurality of hollow filaments, each filament having a wall that defines an inner lumen, an exterior surface, a first end, and a second end; and a case having a cavity, a first end cap, a second end cap, and at least one effluent port; wherein the first open end of the core tube is sealed in the first end cap with the perforated region extending into the central cavity of the case, and wherein the first ends of the plurality of hollow filaments are open and sealed in the first end cap and the second ends of the plurality of hollow filaments are open and sealed in the second end cap.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting formation of hexavalent chromium during oxidative remediation of a contaminated site containing trivalent chromium is described. The method comprises introducing ozone at a first point to the contaminated site, where the ozone is introduced at a first frequency and for a first period of time, and introducing hydrogen peroxide to the contaminated site, where the hydrogen peroxide is introduced at a second frequency and for a second period of time. The first and second frequencies and first and second periods of time are selected to inhibit formation of hexavalent chromium within the site of remediation.

Abstract: A system and method for the in-situ removal or remediation of contaminants in a soil formation containing a subsurface groundwater aquifer, the method comprising the steps of: injecting a first oxidant into the aquifer at an injection point to create a volume of influence of the first oxidant in the aquifer thereby treating the contaminants contained within the volume of influence; and injecting a compressed gas into the aquifer to increase the size of the volume of influence of the first oxidant. The injection of the compressed gas into the aquifer can also force the groundwater in the aquifer away from the injection point into a surrounding area to transport the first oxidant into the surrounding area thereby extracting contaminants from soil adjacent to the surrounding area.

Abstract: A system and method for the in-situ removal or remediation of contaminants in a soil formation containing a subsurface groundwater aquifer, the method comprising the steps of: injecting a first oxidant into the aquifer at an injection point to create a volume of influence of the first oxidant in the aquifer thereby treating the contaminants contained within the volume of influence; and injecting a compressed gas into the aquifer to increase the size of the volume of influence of the first oxidant. The injection of the compressed gas into the aquifer can also force the groundwater in the aquifer away from the injection point into a surrounding area to transport the first oxidant into the surrounding area thereby extracting contaminants from soil adjacent to the surrounding area.

Abstract: A process for coagulating a polybenzazole film which includes contacting a lyotropic polybenzazole dope film that is constrained in at least two directions with a coagulant under conditions such that the polybenzazole polymer separates as a gelled moiety with the structure set such that further removal of solvent will result in no more than a 5% increase in the force necessary to constrain the film.

Abstract: Articles (other than fiber) made from polybenzazole dopes can quickly be washed to remove polyphosphoric acid by a combination of initially washing with an acidic liquid and second washing with a hot leaching fluid at at least about 60.degree. C. The process can reach acceptable residual phosphorous levels (1500-2000 ppm) in as little as about 2 or 3 minutes.