Abstract: The invention concerns an integrated paper machine, which comprises, in the running direction of the web, a multi-layer headbox (100), a gap former (200), in which there is at least one pre-press (303, 304), a press section (300), in whcih there is at least one extended-nip press (308, 309), a pre-dryer section (400), in which the web (W) is dried by means of a high-capacity dryer unit, a dryer section (500), in which there is at least one dryer group (R1, R2, R3) which makes use of single-wire draw, as well as a surface treatment device (P) for the web. Further, the paper machine is provided with a closed web draw at least to the end of the dryer section (500).

Abstract: A method for producing surface-treated paper, in particular of fine paper, and a dry end of a paper machine that makes use of the method. A paper web that has been dewatered by pressing is dried in the forward dryer section, in which drying energy is applied to the paper web over the entire length of the forward dryer section asymmetrically in the z-direction from the side of the bottom face of the web. This step is carried out by a number of successive groups with single-wire draw that are open downward. In this manner, shrinkage of the web both in the machine direction and in the cross direction is reduced or at least partially prevented, which shrinkage tends to take place when the dry solids content becomes higher. Paper broke is removed from underneath the drying groups that are open downward substantially by the force of gravity onto the broke conveyor placed underneath.

Abstract: A method for producing surface-treated paper, in particular of fine paper, and a dry end of a paper machine that makes use of the method. A paper web that has been dewatered by pressing is dried in the forward dryer section, in which drying energy is applied to the paper web over the entire length of the forward dryer section asymmetrically in the z-direction from the side of the bottom face of the web. This step is carried out by a number of successive groups with single-wire draw that are open downward. In this manner, shrinkage of the web both in the machine direction and in the cross direction is reduced or at least partially prevented, which shrinkage tends to take place when the dry solids content becomes higher. Paper broke is removed from underneath the drying groups that are open downward substantially by the force of gravity onto the broke conveyor placed underneath.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for evaporation drying of a paper web in which the web is dried in three successive stages I, II and III that are carried out in the direction of progress of the web as follows: in the first stage (I), the web is heated in a short section in the machine direction quickly to a temperature of 55.degree. C. to 85.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for calendering a paper web, including the steps of passing the paper web through a calendering nip having a profile formed from a pair of calendering rolls, wherein at least one of the pair of calendering rolls includes a soft exterior face at least in the region of the nip, regulating the profile of the calendering nip to compensate for flaws in the paper web passing through the calendering nip including varying the properties of the soft exterior face locally in a direction transverse to the direction of the passing paper web concurrently with the passing step.

Abstract: A method and device for drying a paper web in a dryer section having a number of successive dryer groups with a single-wire draw, and being situated after a press section of the paper machine. Each dryer group includes contact-drying cylinders arranged in a first row and reversing suction cylinders or equivalent suction rolls arranged in a second row, the rows being horizontal, diagonal or vertical rows. The paper web is dried by contact-drying cylinders from the side of its lower face across the entire length of the dryer section. The paper web is passed as a closed draw from one dryer group to the next group, and the paper web is guided, while it runs on the drying wire at the side of the outside curve, by the reversing suction cylinders having a curve radius selected in a range from about 250 mm to about 1000 mm.

Abstract: A method and device for drying a paper web in a dryer section having a number of successive dryer groups with a single-wire draw, and being situated after a press section of the paper machine. Each dryer group includes contact-drying cylinders arranged in a first row and reversing suction cylinders or equivalent suction rolls arranged in a second row, the rows being horizontal, diagonal or vertical rows. The paper web is dried by contact-drying cylinders from the side of its lower face across the entire length of the dryer section. The paper web is passed as a closed draw from one dryer group to the next group, and the paper web is guided, while it runs on the drying wire at the side of the outside curve, by the reversing suction cylinders having a curve radius selected in a range from about 250 mm to about 1000 mm.

Abstract: A method for producing surface-treated paper, in particular of fine paper, and a dry end of a paper machine that makes use of the method. A paper web that has been dewatered by pressing is dried in the forward dryer section, in which drying energy is applied to the paper web over the entire length of the forward dryer section asymmetrically in the z-direction from the side of the bottom face of the web. This step is carried out by a number of successive groups with single-wire draw that are open downward. In this manner, shrinkage of the web both in the machine direction and in the cross direction is reduced or at least partially prevented, which shrinkage tends to take place when the dry solids content becomes higher. Paper broke is removed from underneath the drying groups that are open downward substantially by the force of gravity onto the broke conveyor placed underneath.

Abstract: A method and device for drying a paper web in a dryer section having a number of successive dryer groups with a single-wire draw, and being situated after a press section of the paper machine. Each dryer group includes contact-drying cylinders arranged in a first row and reversing suction cylinders or equivalent suction rolls arranged in a second row, the rows being horizontal, diagonal or vertical rows. The paper web is dried by contact-drying cylinders from the side of its lower face across the entire length of the dryer section. The paper web is passed as a closed draw from one dryer group to the next group, and the paper web is guided, while it runs on the drying wire at the side of the outside curve, by the reversing suction cylinders having a curve radius selected in a range from about 250 mm to about 1000 mm.

Abstract: A closed press section in a paper machine including a compact combination of press rolls, some of which define press nips with each other between which the web has a closed draw supported by the face of a fabric. The press section has a center roll in connection with which at least one press nip is formed. A closed loop of a transfer band is passed around the center roll. The web is transferred on an outer face of the transfer band after the last press nip in the compact combination of rolls as a closed and constantly supported draw onto a drying wire in a drying section following after the press section. The transfer band loop is preferably made of a fabric that substantially does not receive water and does not rewet the web. The web-adhesion properties of the outer face of the transfer band are chosen so that, after the last nip, the web follows the transfer band, and so that the web can be transferred as a fully closed draw onto the drying wire.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for lateral alignment of a cross-direction profile control of a web as required in a paper-making process. In the method, a certain cross-direction profile of a dried web, particularly the basis weight profile thereof, to be aligned is gauged. A profile measurement signal thus obtained is passed to a control system of the paper machine which provides a control signal suited to control adjustment devices of the cross-direction profile control provision. The web is provided with at least one marker line whose lateral shift or shifts is/are detected at the measurement point of the cross-direction profile of the dried web, or in the vicinity thereof. The detection of the lateral shift(s) is used to generate a measurement signal thereof which is employed to control the lateral alignment of the web profile adjustment provision.

Abstract: A method and device for drying a paper web in a dryer section having a number of successive dryer groups with a single-wire draw, and being situated after a press section of the paper machine. Each dryer group includes contact-drying cylinders arranged in a first row and reversing suction cylinders or equivalent suction rolls arranged in a second row, the rows being horizontal, diagonal or vertical rows. The paper web is dried by contact-drying cylinders from the side of its lower face across the entire length of the dryer section. The paper web is passed as a closed draw from one dryer group to the next group, and the paper web is guided, while it runs on the drying wire at the side of the outside curve, by the reversing suction cylinders having a curve radius selected in a range from about 250 mm to about 1000 mm.

Abstract: An arrangement in a paper machine dryer section for separating moist dryer section from dry, useful spaces situated underneath the dryer section of the paper machine. Horizontal beams that support the frame of the dryer section of the paper machine are positioned above, or in the upper part of, the space underneath the dryer section. The horizontal beams are supported by vertical beams. The dryer section is surrounded by a hood placed above the floor level of the paper machine hall and which confines the moist spaces of the dryer section in its interior. Underneath the dryer section, a horizontal partition-wall construction is arranged to separate the moist hood spaces of the dryer section from dry, useful spaces situated underneath the moist hood spaces. Conveyor devices for disposing paper broke are arranged above the partition-wall construction. The dry, useful spaces are arranged to be storage spaces and/or installation spaces for one or more other suitable devices of the paper machine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a closed press section in a paper machine and comprises a compact combination of press rolls. Several of the rolls define press nips with each other, between which nips the web has a closed draw supported by the face of a fabric. The press section has a center roll in connection with which a press nip or press nips are provided. A closed loop of a transfer band is passed around the center roll. The web is transferred on an outer face of the transfer band after the last press nip in the compact combination of rolls as a closed and constantly supported draw onto a drying wire in a drying section following after the press section. The transfer band loop is made of a transfer band fabric that substantially does not receive water and does not rewet the web.

Abstract: An inverted dryer group having a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer in a paper machine, including steam-heated drying cylinders arranged in a lower row and against which the drying wire of the cylinder group presses a web to be dried into direct contact. Reversing cylinders or rolls of the dryer group are arranged above gaps between the drying cylinders inside a loop of the drying wire. A support wire is placed in contact with the reversing cylinders or rolls over a turning sector of about 60.degree. to about 120.degree.. The support wire is guided by guide rolls arranged in gaps between the reversing cylinders as well as by other necessary rolls. The web is pressed against the drying wire on the turning sector by tension of the support wire.

Abstract: The invention relates to a closed press section in a paper machine and comprises a compact combination of press rolls. Several of the rolls define press nips with each other, between which nips the web has a closed draw supported by the face of a fabric. The press section has a center roll in connection with which a press nip or press nips are provided. A closed loop of a transfer band is passed around the center roll. The web is transferred on an outer face of the transfer band after the last press nip in the compact combination of rolls as a closed and constantly supported draw onto a drying wire in a drying section following after the press section. The transfer band loop is made of a transfer band fabric that substantially does not receive water and does not rewet the web.

Abstract: A dryer section in a paper machine for drying a paper web, having normal dryer groups with a single-wire draw in which drying cylinders are arranged in an upper row and reversing cylinders in a lower row. The dryer section has at least one inverted dryer groups in which drying cylinders are arranged in a lower row and reversing cylinders are arranged in an upper row. In view of making the dryer section more compact, intensifying the evaporation, reducing the transverse shrinkage of the web, and/or improving the runnability of the web, the drying cylinder and/or the reversing cylinder or roll placed in connection with the transfer over the gap between the groups is/are placed so that its/their height position is displaced as compared with the other cylinders in the same group. In an inverted group, an upper reversing cylinder is arranged in connection with blower devices for drying air for the web.

Abstract: Closed press section in a paper machine, comprising a compact combination of press rolls. Certain of rolls define press nips with each other, between which nips the web has a closed draw supported by the face of a fabric. The press section has a center roll in connection with which a press nip or press nips are provided. A closed loop of a transfer band is passed around the center roll. The web is transferred on an outer face of the transfer band after the last press nip in the compact combination of rolls as a closed and constantly supported draw onto a drying wire in a drying section following after the press section. The transfer band loop is made of a transfer band fabric that substantially does not receive water and does not rewet the web. The web-adhesion properties of the outer face of the transfer band fabric are chosen so that, after the last nip, the web follows the transfer band fabric, and so that the web can be transferred as a fully closed draw onto the drying wire.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for use in the drying section of a paper machine, which apparatus comprises a drying cylinder group formed by drying cylinders and a roll group formed by rolls, preferably suction rolls located at a different height relative to the drying cylinders. The geometric rotational axis of the roll located in an area between two adjacent drying cylinders in a different height position is spaced away from the center plane between the center axes of the drying cylinders. The surface of the roll, preferably a suction roll, is adapted to be located as close to the surface of the drying cylinder on the web outgoing side of the roll as possible, whereby the free transfer distance of the outgoing side is minimized.

Abstract: A web former for a paper machine having a lower-wire loop which forms an initial single-wire part of a dewatering zone. The former also includes a top-wire unit which includes an upper wire which forms a twin-wire dewatering zone together with the lower wire. The former also includes a first forming roll in a direction of web travel that is provided with an open hollow face and is fitted inside the upper-wire loop. The twin-wire forming zone begins in conjunction with the first forming roll. There is a forming shoe inside the lower-wire loop which is provided with a curved deck that guides the lower-wire loop. The former includes a second forming roll fitted inside the upper wire loop and situated after the forming shoe. A device for collecting water is provided in the former and operates without any external suction source, with dewatering being based upon kinetic energy of water that is being removed and/or upon gravity.