Abstract: An X-ray device for the formation of slice images of an object to be examined including an X-ray source, an X-ray detector, a transport device for moving the object during the acquisition of a series of X-ray projection images of the object in a movement plane situated parallel to the imaging plane, and a control device for controlling the acquisition of the X-ray projection images and the transport device. Slice images of the object are formed from the X-ray projection images by a tomosynthesis method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the simultaneous display of at least two sectional images taken through a volume reconstructed from a 3D image data set.

Abstract: An X-ray examination apparatus includes an X-ray source and an X-ray detector and is arranged to provide a series of projection images at respective orientations of the X-ray source (1) and the X-ray detector (2) relative to a predetermined frame of reference. The orientations of the projection images are calibrated relative to this frame of reference. A basic three-dimensional data set (23) is reconstructed from the projection images. A number of directions of observations (121-123) are calibrated relative to the same frame of reference. One or more additional X-ray images (111-113) are formed for the calibrated directions of observation, that is, preferably at successive instants in time. A dynamic series of three-dimensional data sets is formed by updating the basic three-dimensional data set by means of the additional X-ray images.

Abstract: To produce sheet steel components optimised for loading, a steel strip is cast between two cooled rolls with a variable nip and the thickness of the steel strip is changed by changing the time of contact between the strand shells and the rolls or by changing the cooling intensity of the rolls on the molten steel cast into the gusset formed by the rolls, thereby changing the thickness of the steel strip. Such a strip has a homogeneous structure and can subsequently be given a special quality by hot or cold rolling for its particular purpose of use.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-scatter grid for an X-ray device which serves to reduce scattered radiation generated in an object to be examined and includes a plurality of absorber laminations for the absorption of the scattered radiation and a channel medium which is transparent to X-rays and arranged between the absorber laminations. In order to enable notably simple and precise manufacture of such an anti-scatter grid while the primary radiation is attenuated as little as possible and scattered radiation is attenuated as much as possible, in accordance with the invention a non-elastic high-resistance foam, notably a polymethacrylimide high-resistance foam, is used as the channel medium. The invention also relates to a collimator, for example, for a single-photon emitter or a positron emitter, in which a non-elastic high-resistance foam is also used as the channel medium between the laminations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the registration of two 3D image data sets of an object to be examined which is provided with a plurality of markers which are contained in the 3D image data sets. Such a registration can be used, for example, in digital subtraction angiography.

Abstract: The invention relates to an X-ray device for the formation of slice images of an object (4) to be examined, which device includes an X-ray source (1), an X-ray detector (2), a transport device (3) for moving the object (4) to be examined during the acquisition of a series of X-ray projection images of the object (4) in a movement plane (B) that is situated parallel to the imaging plane (A), and also includes a control device (5) for controlling the acquisition of the X-ray projection images and the transport device (3), slice images of the object (4) to be examined being formed from the X-ray projection images by means of a tomosynthesis method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of reconstructing images from cone beam projection data from an examination zone (3) of an object to be examined. The cone beam projection data is acquired by means of an X-ray device which includes an X-ray source (1) and an X-ray image intensifier (2), the X-ray source (1) being guided along a trajectory around the examination zone (3) in order to acquire the projection data. First projection data are then acquired from the examination zone (3) in a first mode of operation of the X-ray image intensifier (2) which involves a low resolution. For a sub-zone (4) of the examination zone (3) second projection data is acquired in a second mode of operation of the X-ray image intensifier (2) which involves a high resolution. Subsequently, the first and second projection data is combined so as to form third projection data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of forming an X-ray layer image of an object (9) to be examined by means of an X-ray device which includes an X-ray source (2) and an X-ray detector (3); the X-ray source (2) and the X-ray detector (3) are displaced in an angular range (14) around the object (9) to be examined in order to acquire X-ray projection images from different directions. When only a single X-ray layer image is to be formed, or a plurality of X-ray layer images of parallel layers (S1, S2) of the object (9) to be examined, in accordance with the invention it is possible to reduce the expenditure required, notably the time required for the acquisition of the X-ray projection images, by forming the X-ray layer image directly from the X-ray projection images, the X-ray layer image being situated in a plane which extends essentially perpendicularly to the bisector (20) of the angular range (14), the angular range (14) amounting to less then 180°.

Abstract: For visualizing a limited part of a 3D medical image-point-related data set, selectively a geometrically selected part of the data set is suppressed and an image rendered as based on any non-suppressed part of the data set. In particular, the selected part comprises a first selection containing all points associated to a nearer region with respect to a first clipping plane and moreover all points associated to a farther region with respect to a second clipping plane, respectively. Thereby the rendered image is based on an intermediate region between the first clipping plane and the second clipping plane.

Abstract: A method and a device for flexibly rolling a metal band by guiding the metal band through a roll gap formed between a first working roll and a second working roll, and by varying the size of the roll gap in such a way that band sections with a greater band thickness and band sections with a lesser band thickness are obtained over the length of the metal band. In the device and method, the time of contact between each point on the circumference of the first working roll and the metal band is shorter in duration than the time of contact between each point on the circumference of the second working roll and the metal band such that an asymmetric band thickness profile is obtained in a region of the band sections with a lesser band thickness.

Abstract: Heating devices are used to prevent icing and deposition of fuel on the throttle valve under adverse operating conditions; these device comprise electrical resistance hot wires applied to the surface of the throttle valve, yet these wires lead to undesired turbulence in the fuel-air mixture flow. As the length of time in operation increases, the efficiency of the hot wires is lessened by corrosion of their surface. These disadvantages are avoided by integrating the heating device with the component to be heated. To this end, the heating device is disposed in an axial bore of the throttle valve shaft. This arrangement is used especially with mixture-compressing internal combustion engines equipped with carburetors or central injection systems.

Abstract: A method of shaping planar parts which have an elastic and plastic range for making components which are curved two dimensionally around two axes under utilization of a high pressure peening shot beam comprises the steps of tension positioning the part to obtain through elastic deformation to obtain the desired contour; peening the surface of the part to be deformed by running a beam of shot along track lines which are essentially lines of equal strain in the parts to be made; controlling the peening shot beam energy such that more central parts receive shot at a higher energy than more peripheral parts of said part; repeating the aforementioned steps on the other side of the part; and separately peening shot treating at least some of thicker edge parts, so as to obtain plastic deformation.

Abstract: A process for producing metal parts in accordance with the principle of squeeze or forge casting wherein a permanent mold (2) is provided having a mold cavity, a seal (4) is placed on an upper edge flange (5) of the mold surrounding the cavity opening (6), liquid metal (9) is introduced into the cavity, an upper die (3) is inserted (7) into the cavity such that the level of the liquid metal is raised until the higher-level cavity created by the seal (4) is filled, the metal is at least partially solidified, and the final shape of the part is produced by pressing (9) in the upper die, with deformation and spreading of the seal. The result is a completely dense workpiece of excellent dimensional stability which has the texture of a forged part and is correspondingly of very high strength.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for open-die forging of workpieces in forging presses at high forging temperatures, more particularly steel billets or ferrous alloy billets between about 800 and 1250 degrees Celsius. In conventional open-die forging it is often not possible to complete the forging process in a single heat, and the workpiece must therefore be reheated. Also, with direct contact between workpiece and tool, cracks occur, particularly in the vicinity of bulges, the prevention or straightening of which requires repeated transverse hammer- or pressure-forging, so lengthening the cooling time. The total energy consumption for deformation and heating of the workpieces is therefore relatively high.

Abstract: A method of generating layer images from a number of single-shadow images and a device for performing this method. The absorption values associated with the image points of the single-shadow images are stored in a memory. The image value of the layer-image point is formed from the lowest absorption values associated with this layer-image point. Structures or artefacts which are situated outside the layer being imaged can thus be eliminated from the image.

Abstract: A method is provided for shaping an object consisting of a material which is both elastic and capable of permanent deformation, by deforming said object with a blast of solid particles.