Abstract: A directional control valve arrangement includes a directional control valve with a valve spool. Using the directional control valve, it is possible to control a pressure-medium connection between a pressure port, a tank connection, and at least one working connection. A blocking valve is situated in a working passage that is connected to the working connection. The pressure in the working passage can be reduced using a pressure-release unit; the pressure-medium connection between the working passage and the tank connection is blocked by the valve spool. The pressure-relief unit has an intermediate space which is formed in the pressure-medium flow path between the blocking valve and a control edge of the valve spool that blocks the working passage to the tank port, the intermediate space being provided to accommodate a compression volume of the working passage.

Abstract: An article has an anti-abrasion layer, comprising a mixture of irregular particles of hard material and round particles essentially free of cutting edges embedded in a matrix material and the use thereof for the production of anti-abrasion surfaces on wood materials, decorative paper, or wood fiber sheets printed with patterns for the production of parquet floors, floor laminates, furniture surfaces or work boards and for the production of wear-resistant surface layers on support materials made from metal, glass, ceramics, plastic concrete or other materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-abrasion layer, comprising a mixture of irregular particles of hard material and round particles essentially free of cutting edges embedded in a matrix material and the use thereof for the production of anti-abrasion surfaces on wood materials, decorative paper, or wood fiber sheets printed with patterns for the production of parquet floors, floor laminates, furniture surfaces or work boards and for the production of wear-resistant surface layers on support materials made from metal, glass, ceramics, plastic concrete or other materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sintered abrasive grit agglomerates based on aluminum oxide, having homogeneously distributed nanoscale pores in the range of 100-300 nm, with a pore volume of at least 15%. The average diameter of primary particles of the aluminum oxide primary particles is less than 5 ?m, wherein said primary particles are connected to each other without additional adhesive agent.

Abstract: A method for controlling image capturing and spatial control in a device monitored by imaging, in particular an endoscopic instrument, for examination and manipulation purposes, wherein the work region and the position and action of the device are monitored by means of one of the display means displaying the observed work region via optics. The device is held and moved by motor-driven equipment depending on the display, the respective position and intended action. The eye movements of the operating person or the line of sight during observation of the display is registered according to the eye-tracking method and used to control the image capturing and tracking and the display.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wear protection layer comprising a mixture of non-uniform transparent hard material particles, which are stored in a matrix material and which comprise a Mohs hardness of at least 6 and transparent solid material particles, wherein the transparent solid material particles encompass a bi-modal grain size distribution. The invention also relates to a method for producing a wear protection layer as well as the use thereof for producing wear protection surfaces, in particular surfaces on wood fiber boards, which are provided with a décor.

Abstract: A support and guide device for an endoscopic instrument includes a first guide device extending substantially in a plane and bordering a surface, a first carriage that can travel along the first guide device, a second guide device connected to the first carriage and extending in a plane perpendicular thereto, a second carriage that can travel along the second guide device, a holder for the endoscopic instrument which is connected to the carriage and rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the carriage and moveable in the axial direction, and drive units for the first and the second carriages and for the holder for the endoscopic instrument. A control system is associated with the drive units.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lifting gear valve arrangement for controlling a double-action lifting gear or an add-on unit with a continuously adjustable directional control valve and with an individual pressure compensator via which a pressure medium volume flow to and from a lifting cylinder of the lifting gear can be controlled. A proportionally adjustable pressure limiting valve is provided in the pressure medium flow path between an outlet connection of the directional control valve and a working connection of the lifting gear valve arrangement, via which the pressure inside this area can be limited to a maximum value. The adjustment of the pressure limiting valve is preferably performed as a function of the operating states of the lifting gear or of the type of add-on unit.

Abstract: A directional control valve arrangement includes a directional control valve with a valve spool. Using the directional control valve, it is possible to control a pressure-medium connection between a pressure port, a tank connection, and at least one working connection. A blocking valve is situated in a working passage that is connected to the working connection. The pressure in the working passage can be reduced using a pressure-release unit; the pressure-medium connection between the working passage and the tank connection is blocked by the valve spool. The pressure-relief unit has an intermediate space which is formed in the pressure-medium flow path between the blocking valve and a control edge of the valve spool that blocks the working passage to the tank port, the intermediate space being provided to accommodate a compression volume of the working passage.

Abstract: A device for exposing an opening in a housing part of a steering gear in a vehicle steering system has a closure element that closes the opening and a component that, when it comes into contact with a liquid, changes at least one of its properties such that, after the component cooperates with the closure element, the closure element exposes the opening.

Abstract: A method and process for manufacturing tire treads embedded with hard materials formed over a tire foundation. The process includes the step of introducing a caoutchouc mixture as granulate in powder form that can be easily mixed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-abrasion layer, comprising a mixture of irregular particles of hard material and round particles essentially free of cutting edges embedded in a matrix material and the use thereof for the production of anti-abrasion surfaces on wood materials, decorative paper, or wood fibre sheets printed with patterns for the production of parquet floors, floor laminates, furniture surfaces or work boards and for the production of wear-resistant surface layers on support materials made from metal, glass, ceramics, plastic concrete or other materials.

Abstract: A device for exposing an opening in a housing part of a steering gear in a vehicle steering system has a closure element that closes the opening and a component that, when it comes into contact with a liquid, changes at least one of its properties such that, after the component cooperates with the closure element, the closure element exposes the opening.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lifting gear valve arrangement for controlling a double-action lifting gear or an add-on unit with a continuously adjustable directional control valve and with an individual pressure compensator via which a pressure medium volume flow to and from a lifting cylinder of the lifting gear can be controlled. A proportionally adjustable pressure limiting valve is provided in the pressure medium flow path between an outlet connection of the directional control valve and a working connection of the lifting gear valve arrangement, via which the pressure inside this area can be limited to a maximum value. The adjustment of the pressure limiting valve is preferably performed as a function of the operating states of the lifting gear or of the type of add-on unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a protective layer against wear based on artificial resin. Hard particles (1) having a hardness of at least 6 on the Mohs scale are embedded in said layer, as are compact, round, solid particle (2), which are essentially free of sharp edges and have a hardness of at least 5 on the Mohs scale. The grain size distribution of the round solid particles (2) begins at least with the smallest grain diameter of the hard particles (1) and reaches a maximum of five times the value of the largest hard particle diameter, the average grain diameter of the solid particles (2) being larger than the average grain diameter of the hard particles (1). The hard particles and round solid particles are admixed for producing a protective layer against wear and for providing wear-resistant surfaces.

Abstract: A multifunctional instrument for use in microinvasive surgery includes an operator hand grip, a multi-lumen tube fastened on the operator hand grip, at least two guide channels coaxially configured inside the tube, and surgical instruments that are displaceably and rotationally disposed in the guide channels. The instrument also includes a shaft at whose distal end one surgical working element each is disposed. The instruments can be displaced between a rest position, in which the respective working element is retracted into the tube, and a working position, in which the respective working element projects from the distal end of the tube. The instruments can be displaced into and out of the working position by means of a motor and at least one of the instruments can be rotated in its working position by means of a motor.

Abstract: A multifunctional instrument for use in microinvasive surgery includes an operator hand grip, a multi-lumen tube fastened on the operator hand grip, at least two guide channels coaxially configured inside the tube, and surgical instruments that are displaceably and rotationally disposed in the guide channels. The instrument also includes a shaft at whose distal end one surgical working element each is disposed. The instruments can be displaced between a rest position, in which the respective working element is retracted into the tube, and a working position, in which the respective working element projects from the distal end of the tube. The instruments can be displaced into and out of the working position by means of a motor and at least one of the instruments can be rotated in its working position by means of a motor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a protective layer against wear based on artificial resin according to FIG. 2. Hard particles (1) having a hardness of at least 6 on the Mohs scale are embedded in said layer, as are compact, round, solid particles (2) which are essentially free of sharp edges and have a hardness of at least 5 on the Mohs scale. The grain size distribution of the round solid particles (2) begins at least with the smallest grain diameter of the hard particles (1) and reaches a maximum of five times the value of the largest hard particle diameter, the average grain diameter of the solid particles (2) being larger than the average grain diameter of the hard particles (1). The invention also relates to a mixture of hard particles and round solid particles for producing a protective layer against wear, a method for producing a protective layer against wear, and the use of one such layer for producing wear-resistant surfaces.

Abstract: A method for the production of an oxide of aluminum based corundum abrasive having a titanium oxide content of less than 0.8 wt. %, wherein the oxide of aluminum is processed by means of a melt or sintering process to form a compact base body for abrasive grains; the base body for abrasive grains is comminuted; the abrasive grain strip thus obtained is graded and the manufactured grain or the graded strip of abrasive grain is subsequently post-treated thermally at temperatures of 800-1500° C. in order to increase the tenacity thereof. The invention also relates to the use of the corundum abrasive grain in abrasives.

Abstract: By adding very-finely-divided or highly-dispersed titanium dioxide or aluminum titanate, optionally in a mixture with aluminum oxide, sintered products of great hardness, whose fracture toughness can be adjusted over a wide range, are obtained from aluminum hydroxide according to a sol-gel process depending on the selection of the sintering conditions. The materials are especially suitable as abrasives or for the production of ceramic powder or components.